寶鑑Bogam

Formulas · Text · Donguibogam 東醫寶鑑

Jaundice

Hwangdal

한글 황달  ·  Pinyin Huang Dan

Five jaundices sorted by what brought them on — and one medicinal that runs through nearly every formula

黃疸

The last chapter of the volume, and the most tightly organized. Its governing statement comes in the first line: damp and heat meeting, and the disease that follows is 癉 — which is to say yellow, yang alone with no yin to answer it. From there the chapter sorts. Five jaundices by cause: jaundice proper, alcohol jaundice, grain jaundice, jaundice from sexual taxation, and yellow sweat, each with its own signs at 5.2 and its own formulas at 5.4. Then the divisions that cut across them — yang jaundice against yin jaundice at 5.7, where the same virgate wormwood base is given first with gardenia and rhubarb and then with aconite and dry ginger; epidemic jaundice at 5.8, which the source says kills most swiftly of all. Virgate wormwood leads sixteen of the chapter's formulas, and what changes around it is the whole of the therapeutics. Two further things are worth knowing before reading: the chapter treats jaundice and 黃胖, a sallow puffiness that is not jaundice at all, side by side — and it answers the second with iron, four pills of it, placed immediately before a section on the craving for earth, charcoal and raw rice.

5.1 The Causes of Jaundice 黃疸之因

5.1.1
Source원문

經曰, 濕熱相交, 民病癉, 癉卽黃, 單陽而無陰也. 《入門》

Translation영역
The classic says: when damp and heat meet, the people suffer dan; and dan is yellowing — yang alone with no yin.
Clinical note임상 주석
The chapter opens by unpacking a single graph. 癉 is glossed as yellowing and then explained etymologically: 單陽而無陰, yang standing alone without yin to balance it. That reading governs everything that follows, and it is why the great majority of this chapter's formulas are cold and bitter.

Immun 入門

5.1.2
Source원문

諸發黃, 皆小便不利, 惟瘀血發黃, 小便自利. 盖熱結下焦, 則熱耗津液而小便不利, 血結下焦, 則熱但耗血而不耗津液, 故小便自利. 《入門》

Translation영역
In all yellowings the urine is not disinhibited; only in yellowing from static blood does the urine pass freely. For when heat binds in the lower burner, the heat consumes the fluids and the urine is not disinhibited; but when blood binds in the lower burner, the heat consumes only the blood and not the fluids, and so the urine passes freely.
Clinical note임상 주석
A single discriminating question, and a good one: does the urine pass freely? In nearly all jaundice it does not, and where it does, the cause is read as static blood rather than damp heat. The mechanism given is precise for its framework — heat binding in the lower burner consumes fluids, so there is nothing to pass; heat binding in blood consumes only blood, and the fluids are untouched. In modern terms this separates haemolytic jaundice, where the urine darkens but flows, from obstructive jaundice with oliguria.

Immun 入門

5.1.3
Source원문

發黃譬如酓麴, 五疸同歸濕熱. 盖濕熱熏蒸, 血熱, 土色上行面目, 延及爪甲身體俱黃, 黃卽疸也. 《入門》

Translation영역
Yellowing may be likened to fermenting leaven: the five jaundices alike come down to damp heat. For damp heat steams and fumes, the blood grows hot, and the colour of earth travels upward to the face and eyes, spreading to the nails and the whole body until all is yellow — and yellow is jaundice.
Clinical note임상 주석
The leaven image is the chapter's best. Damp plus heat plus time produces a change of colour throughout, as in fermentation — not something added from outside but the material itself transformed. The progression named is also accurate as observation: face and eyes first, then the nails, then the whole body. Scleral icterus precedes cutaneous jaundice, and the nail beds show it early.

Immun 入門

5.1.4
Source원문

盖黃疸者, 濕熱與宿穀故也. 俗謂之食勞黃. 《子和》

Translation영역
Jaundice comes of damp heat together with grain long retained. Common speech calls it food-taxation yellowing.

Jahwa 子和

5.1.5
Source원문

食勞疳黃, 一名黃胖. 夫黃疸者, 暴病也. 故仲景以十八日爲期. 食勞黃者, 宿病也. 至有久不愈者. 《綱目》

Translation영역
Food-taxation gan yellowing is also called yellow puffiness. Jaundice proper is a sudden disease, and so Zhongjing set eighteen days as its term. Food-taxation yellowing is a long-standing disease, and there are cases that do not resolve for a great while.
Clinical note임상 주석
The passage that separates the chapter's two subjects. Jaundice proper is acute and Zhongjing gave it a term of eighteen days; 黃胖, yellow puffiness, is chronic and may not resolve at all. Yellow puffiness is not jaundice. It is a sallow, swollen pallor with a craving for non-foods, and the chapter treats it with iron at 5.10 — four separate pills of it. Keeping the two apart from this early point is what makes the rest of the chapter legible.

Gangmok 綱目

5.1.6
Source원문

凡病當汗而不汗則生黃, 當利小便而不利亦生黃. 盖脾主肌肉四肢, 寒濕與內熱相合故也. 《海藏》

Translation영역
In any disease, where sweating is called for and does not come there is yellowing; where the urine should be disinhibited and is not, there is likewise yellowing. For the spleen governs the flesh and the four limbs, and cold damp joins with internal heat.
Clinical note임상 주석
Two routes blocked, one result. This is the justification for the chapter's method at 5.4.3 and 5.4.4 — free the urine, or promote sweating, according to which passage is shut.

Haejang 海藏

5.1.7
Source원문

五疸同是濕熱, 終無寒熱之異. 《正傳》

Translation영역
The five jaundices are alike damp heat; in the end there is no difference of cold and heat among them.
Clinical note임상 주석
A flat statement that the section on yin jaundice at 5.7 directly contradicts. The Jeongjeon holds all jaundice to be heat; the Gangmok there describes a yin jaundice produced by excessive cooling and treats it with aconite. The chapter records both without adjudicating, which is its usual practice.

Jeongjeon 正傳

5.1.8
Source원문

脉沈, 渴欲飮水, 小便不利者, 必發黃. 《仲景》

Translation영역
A sunken pulse, thirst with a wish to drink, and urine not disinhibited — yellowing must follow.

Junggyeong 仲景

5.1.9
Source원문

腹脹滿, 面萎黃, 躁不得睡, 屬黃家. 《仲景》

Translation영역
Abdominal distension and fullness, a withered yellow complexion, and agitation that prevents sleep — these belong to the jaundice family.

Junggyeong 仲景

5.1.10
Source원문

凡時行感冒, 及伏暑未解, 宿食未消, 皆能發黃. 《入門》

Translation영역
Seasonal epidemic colds, summerheat lying deep and unresolved, and food long retained and undigested — all of these can break out as yellowing.

Immun 入門

5.1.11
Source원문

時行疫癘, 亦能發黃, 殺人最急. 《入門》

Translation영역
Seasonal pestilence can also break out as yellowing, and it kills most swiftly of all.
Clinical note임상 주석
殺人最急 — it kills most swiftly of all — is the only place in these three chapters where a condition is called the fastest killer. The section at 5.8 develops it under the name epidemic jaundice, and the formula given there is dosed to vomiting and purging. **Jaundice with fever developing over days is a medical emergency.**

Immun 入門

5.1.12
Source원문

傷寒病, 遇太陽太陰司天, 若下之太過, 往往變成陰黃, 寒水太過, 土氣不及, 故多變此疾. 《海藏》

Translation영역
In cold damage disease, where the greater yang and greater yin govern the heavens, if purging is carried too far it often turns into yin jaundice; cold water being in excess and the earth qi insufficient, the disease frequently changes in this way.
Clinical note임상 주석
Yin jaundice is here attributed to over-purging — the physician's doing. The section at 5.7 says the same in plainer terms: this is cooling carried too far, yang turned to yin. That the chapter names an iatrogenic category and gives it seven formulas is worth noting.

Haejang 海藏

5.2 The Five Jaundices 黃疸有五

5.2.1
Source원문

身痛而色微黃, 齒垢黃, 爪甲上黃, 皆黃疸也. 《靈樞》

Translation영역
Pain in the body with a faintly yellow colour, yellow film on the teeth, and yellow above the nails — all are jaundice.
Clinical note임상 주석
Three early signs, and two of them are places one would not think to look. Film on the teeth and colour above the nail beds show before the skin does, which makes this a passage about catching jaundice early rather than about recognizing it once obvious.

Yeongchu 靈樞

5.2.2
Source원문

尿黃赤安臥者, 曰黃疸. 註曰, 安臥而尿黃赤也. 《內經》

Translation영역
Urine yellow-red with a liking for lying still is called jaundice. The commentary says: lying still, and the urine yellow-red.

Naegyeong 內經

5.2.3
Source원문

目黃者曰, 黃疸. 《內經》

Translation영역
Where the eyes are yellow it is called jaundice.

Naegyeong 內經

5.2.4
Source원문

已食如飢者, 胃疸. 《內經》

Translation영역
Where hunger returns as soon as food is eaten, it is stomach jaundice.

Naegyeong 內經

5.2.5
Source원문

疸病有五, 一曰黃疸, 二曰酒疸, 三曰穀疸, 四曰女勞疸, 五曰黃汗.

Translation영역
Jaundice disease is of five kinds: the first is jaundice proper, the second alcohol jaundice, the third grain jaundice, the fourth jaundice from sexual taxation, the fifth yellow sweat.
Clinical note임상 주석
The five that organize the chapter. Four are named for what brought them on — drink, grain, sexual taxation — and the fifth for how it presents. The subsections that follow define each by its signs, and 5.4 answers each with formulas in the same order.

Donguibogam · Hwangdal

5.2.1 Jaundice Proper 黃疸

5.2.1.1
Source원문

黃疸者, 小便, 面目, 牙齒, 肢體如金, 因暴熱用冷水洗浴, 熱留胃中. 故食已善飢, 安臥懶動. 《入門》

Translation영역
In jaundice the urine, the face and eyes, the teeth and the limbs are like gold. It comes of bathing in cold water while violently hot, so that the heat lodges in the stomach. Hence hunger returns readily after eating, and the patient likes to lie still and is loath to move.
Clinical note임상 주석
The aetiology given — cold bathing while overheated, driving the heat inward — recurs at 5.2.5 for yellow sweat, where the same act produces a different jaundice. Cold applied to a hot body is the chapter's standard account of heat that cannot get out.

Immun 入門

5.2.1.2
Source원문

已食如飢, 但欲安臥, 小便如黃柏汁者, 曰黃疸. 《直指》

Translation영역
Hunger returning as soon as food is eaten, wanting only to lie still, and urine like phellodendron juice — this is called jaundice.
Clinical note임상 주석
小便如黃柏汁 is the chapter's standing image for the darkest urine, and the formula that answers it at 5.10.2 contains phellodendron itself. Lassitude with preserved or increased appetite is the pairing that distinguishes this from grain jaundice, where the patient cannot eat.

Jikji 直指

5.2.2 Alcohol Jaundice 酒疸

5.2.2.1
Source원문

病酒發疸, 必小便不利, 其候心中熱, 足下熱, 是其證也. 《仲景》

Translation영역
Where drink has brought on jaundice, the urine must be inhibited; the signs are heat in the centre of the chest and heat in the soles of the feet — these are its pattern.

Junggyeong 仲景

5.2.2.2
Source원문

心中懊憹而熱, 不能食, 時欲吐, 名曰酒疸. 《仲景》

Translation영역
Anguish and heat in the centre of the chest, inability to eat, and a wish to vomit from time to time — this is called alcohol jaundice.

Junggyeong 仲景

5.2.2.3
Source원문

酒疸, 黃色, 心中結熱而煩. 《脉經》

Translation영역
In alcohol jaundice the colour is yellow, with heat bound in the centre of the chest and vexation.

Maekgyeong 脉經

5.2.2.4
Source원문

飮酒常多, 進食常少, 心中懊憹, 鼻燥足熱, 是謂酒疸. 《直指》

Translation영역
Drinking always much and eating always little, anguish in the centre of the chest, a dry nose and hot feet — this is called alcohol jaundice.
Clinical note임상 주석
飮酒常多, 進食常少 — always drinking much and eating little — is a description of the patient rather than of the disease, and it is the most useful line in the subsection. The clinical picture that follows, with epigastric distress, nausea and inability to eat, is alcoholic hepatitis. 懊憹 is a term the Shanghan tradition reserves for a particular restless anguish below the heart that is neither pain nor nausea, and it recurs in three of these four passages.

Jikji 直指

5.2.3 Grain Jaundice 穀疸

5.2.3.1
Source원문

穀疸之爲病, 寒熱不食, 食則頭眩, 心中不安, 久久發黃. 《仲景》

Translation영역
Grain jaundice as a disease: cold and heat with no appetite, dizziness on eating, unease in the centre of the chest, and after a long time yellowing breaks out.

Junggyeong 仲景

5.2.3.2
Source원문

穀疸者, 食已頭眩腹脹, 因胃熱, 大飢過食, 停滯所致. 《入門》

Translation영역
In grain jaundice there is dizziness and abdominal distension after eating, brought about by stomach heat, by eating to excess after great hunger, and by what is thereby retained.
Clinical note임상 주석
大飢過食 — eating to excess after great hunger — names a specific circumstance rather than a general fault, and it is the kind of aetiology that could have come only from asking patients.

Immun 入門

5.2.3.3
Source원문

食則腹滿怫鬱, 眩暈心忪, 是謂穀疸. 《直指》

Translation영역
Abdominal fullness and thwarted oppression on eating, with dizziness and palpitation — this is called grain jaundice.
Clinical note임상 주석
Dizziness on eating appears in all three passages and is what marks this jaundice out. The formula section at 5.4.5 opens with a prescription whose indication states the same thing from the other side: food eaten in the morning cannot be eaten again at evening.

Jikji 直指

5.2.4 Jaundice from Sexual Taxation 女勞疸

5.2.4.1
Source원문

額上黑, 微汗出, 手足心熱, 薄暮則發, 膀胱急, 小便自利, 名曰女勞疸. 《仲景》

Translation영역
Blackness on the forehead, slight sweating, heat in the palms and soles, breaking out toward dusk, tension of the bladder, and urine passing freely — this is called jaundice from sexual taxation.
Clinical note임상 주석
Every sign here points away from ordinary damp heat jaundice. The urine passes freely, which by the rule at 5.1.2 means static blood rather than bound heat; the forehead blackens; the heat is in the palms and soles and comes toward dusk, which places it in the yin aspect. Blackening of the skin with dark urine and free flow is haemolysis, and the chapter's name for the severe form — black jaundice at 5.6 — describes the same thing further along.

Junggyeong 仲景

5.2.4.2
Source원문

大勞當慾, 大熱交接, 以致發熱惡寒, 小腹滿急, 是謂色疸, 亦曰女勞疸. 《直指》

Translation영역
Great taxation met with desire, and intercourse while greatly hot, bringing on fever with aversion to cold and fullness and tension of the lower abdomen — this is called sexual jaundice, and also jaundice from sexual taxation.

Jikji 直指

5.2.5 Yellow Sweat 黃汗

5.2.5.1
Source원문

黃汗之病, 身腫, 發熱汗出而渴, 汗出染衣, 色正黃如黃柏汁, 以汗出時, 入水浴得之. 《仲景》

Translation영역
Yellow sweat as a disease: the body swells, there is fever with sweating and thirst, and the sweat stains the clothes a true yellow like phellodendron juice. It is contracted by bathing in water while sweating.
Clinical note임상 주석
汗出染衣 — the sweat staining the clothes — is what names the condition, and it is the one jaundice defined by something outside the body rather than by a colour on it. The Oedema chapter lists yellow sweat among Zhongjing's five water diseases at 2.3.7 and adds what happens if it is left: the flesh ulcerates and water weeps from the scrotum and shins. The two chapters divide one condition between them.

Junggyeong 仲景

5.2.5.2
Source원문

發熱不渴, 身腫而汗, 汗如黃柏汁, 曰黃汗. 《直指》

Translation영역
Fever without thirst, the body swollen and sweating, the sweat like phellodendron juice — this is called yellow sweat.

Jikji 直指

5.3 Pulse Method 脉法

5.3.1
Source원문

五疸實熱脉必洪數, 其或微澁證屬虛弱. 《脉訣》

Translation영역
In the five jaundices with repletion heat the pulse must be surging and rapid; should it be faint and rough, the pattern belongs to vacuity and weakness.

Maekgyeol 脉訣

5.3.2
Source원문

疸脉, 緩大者順, 弦急而堅者逆. 《直指》

Translation영역
In the jaundice pulse, moderate and large is favourable; wiry, tense and firm is counterflow.
Clinical note임상 주석
The shortest pulse section in the volume — two lines where the Accumulations, Oedema and Distension chapters each give eight or nine. The rule is the familiar one in a different form: a full pulse is favourable and a tight hard one is not. Wiry and tense is the liver pulse, and jaundice with a wiry hard pulse is the liver itself hardening. That the chapter calls it counterflow without elaborating is characteristic — the section on prognosis at 5.12 does the elaborating.

Jikji 直指

5.4 The Treatment Method for Jaundice 黃疸治法

5.4.1
Source원문

諸疸, 小便黃赤色者, 爲濕熱, 當作濕熱治. 《仲景》

Translation영역
In all jaundices where the urine is yellow-red in colour, it is damp heat, and should be treated as damp heat.

Junggyeong 仲景

5.4.2
Source원문

諸疸, 小便色白, 不可除熱者, 無熱也. 若有虛寒證, 當作虛勞治之. 《仲景》

Translation영역
In all jaundices where the urine is white in colour, heat is not to be removed, for there is no heat. Where there are signs of vacuity cold, it should be treated as vacuity taxation.
Clinical note임상 주석
Two lines, one test, and it decides the whole approach: look at the urine. Yellow-red means damp heat and the chapter's cold bitter formulas; white means no heat at all, and the case belongs to the Vacuity Taxation chapter rather than to this one. That a jaundice chapter should send a patient elsewhere on the strength of a single sign is worth noting, and it is the counterweight to the claim at 5.1.7 that all five jaundices are damp heat.

Junggyeong 仲景

5.4.3
Source원문

諸疸, 小便不利爲裏實, 宜利小便, 或下之. 利小便, 宜茵蔯五苓散, 下之, 宜黃連散.

Translation영역
In all jaundices, urine not disinhibited means interior repletion: the urine should be freed, or else purging used. To free the urine, Virgate Wormwood Five Poria Powder; to purge, Coptis Powder.

Gangmok 綱目

5.4.4
Source원문

無汗爲表實, 宜發汗, 或吐之. 發汗, 宜麻黃醇酒湯, 吐之, 宜瓜蔕散方見吐門. 《綱目》

Translation영역
No sweating means exterior repletion: sweat should be promoted, or else vomiting induced. To promote sweating, Ephedra in Pure Wine Decoction; to induce vomiting, Melon Stalk Powder formula in the Vomiting chapter.
Clinical note임상 주석
A four-way scheme in two passages. Interior repletion is met through the urine or the stool, exterior repletion through the sweat or by vomiting — one route above and one below on each side. It is the clearest decision rule in the chapter, and every formula in 5.4 falls into one of the four boxes.

Gangmok 綱目

5.4.5
Source원문

色如烟熏黃, 乃濕病也. 一身盡痛. 色如橘子黃, 乃黃病也. 一身不痛. 濕家之黃, 色暗不明, 熱家之黃, 如橘子色, 甚者勃勃出, 染着衣, 如黃柏汁. 《綱目》

Translation영역
A colour like smoke-stained yellow is damp disease, and the whole body aches. A colour like tangerine yellow is yellow disease, and the body does not ache. In the damp kind the yellow is dark and dull; in the heat kind it is like the colour of a tangerine, and in severe cases it breaks out abundantly and stains the clothes like phellodendron juice.
Clinical note임상 주석
The single most useful passage in the chapter for bedside work. Two yellows are distinguished by hue and confirmed by a second sign: smoke-stained and dull with body ache is damp; tangerine-bright without ache is heat. The distinction survives translation entirely. A dull sallow discolouration and a bright orange-yellow icterus are different findings with different causes, and the chapter is telling the reader to look at the quality of the colour rather than merely to note that it is yellow.

Gangmok 綱目

5.4.6
Source원문

治黃疸與濕病相似. 輕則滲利, 重則大下, 黃自退矣. 《入門》

Translation영역
Treating jaundice resembles treating damp disease: in light cases percolate and disinhibit, in severe cases purge greatly, and the yellow retreats of itself.

Immun 入門

5.4.7
Source원문

黃疸, 因食積者, 下其食積, 其餘但利小便爲先, 小便利白, 其黃自退. 《丹心》

Translation영역
Where jaundice comes of food accumulation, purge the food accumulation; for the rest, freeing the urine comes first, and when the urine runs free and white the yellow retreats of itself.
Clinical note임상 주석
小便利白, 其黃自退 — when the urine runs free and white, the yellow retreats of itself — gives the practitioner an endpoint they can watch. The urine clearing precedes the skin clearing, which is correct: bilirubin leaves in the urine before the tissue stores are depleted.

Dansim 丹心

5.4.3 Jaundice Proper — Treatment 黃疸

5.4.4 Alcohol Jaundice — Treatment 酒疸

5.4.4.1
Source원문

宜半溫半熱湯ㆍ梔子大黃湯ㆍ葛朮湯ㆍ酒蒸黃連元方見暑門. 酒後犯房成疸, 宜辰砂妙香散方見神門.

Translation영역
Half Warm Half Hot Decoction, Gardenia and Rhubarb Decoction, Pueraria and Atractylodes Decoction and Wine-Steamed Coptis Pill formula in the Summerheat chapter are appropriate. Where jaundice has formed from intercourse after drinking, Cinnabar Wondrous Fragrance Powder formula in the Spirit chapter is appropriate.
Clinical note임상 주석
The second sentence names a compound cause the chapter treats as its own case — drink followed by intercourse — and sends it to a formula from the Spirit chapter rather than to any of this chapter's own. Alcohol jaundice and jaundice from sexual taxation are separate categories at 5.2, and where both are present neither set of formulas is thought to answer.

Donguibogam · Hwangdal

5.4.5 Grain Jaundice — Treatment 穀疸

5.4.5.1
Source원문

宜茵蔯梔子湯ㆍ茵蔯湯ㆍ牛黃散子ㆍ紫金丹ㆍ穀疸丸ㆍ小溫中丸ㆍ大溫中丸ㆍ鍼砂丸.

Translation영역
Virgate Wormwood and Gardenia Decoction, Virgate Wormwood Decoction, Ox Bezoar Loose Powder, Purple Gold Elixir, Grain Jaundice Pill, Minor Warm the Centre Pill, Major Warm the Centre Pill and Needle Filings Pill are appropriate.
Clinical note임상 주석
Four of these eight contain iron or an iron salt — the two Warm the Centre pills, the Needle Filings Pill, and the Purple Gold Elixir with its chalcanthite. That so much of the grain jaundice treatment is iron points to what the category often contained: chronic anaemia with sallowing, which the chapter names 黃胖 and distinguishes from jaundice at 5.1.5.

Donguibogam · Hwangdal

5.4.6 Jaundice from Sexual Taxation — Treatment 女勞疸

5.4.7 Yellow Sweat — Treatment 黃汗

5.4.7.1
Source원문

宜芪蔯湯ㆍ桂枝黃芪湯.

Translation영역
Astragalus and Virgate Wormwood Decoction and Cinnamon Twig and Astragalus Decoction are appropriate.

Donguibogam · Hwangdal

5.5 Alcohol Jaundice Is the Gravest 酒疸最重

5.5.1
Source원문

五疸之中, 惟酒疸變證最多. 盖酒之爲物, 隨人性量不同, 有盈石而不醉者, 有濡脣而輒亂者. 以醞釀而成, 有大熱毒, 滲入百脉, 不止發黃而已. 溢于皮膚, 爲黑爲腫, 流於淸氣道中, 則眼黃鼻齆, 種種不同也. 《得效》

Translation영역
Among the five jaundices, alcohol jaundice alone has the most changes of pattern. For wine as a substance answers differently to each person's nature and capacity: there are those who take a stone of it and are not drunk, and those who merely wet their lips and are at once disordered. Being made by fermentation it has a great hot toxin, which seeps into the hundred vessels and does not stop at yellowing alone. Spilling into the skin it turns to blackness and to swelling; flowing into the pathways of the clear qi, the eyes yellow and the nose becomes blocked — the kinds are various.
Clinical note임상 주석
A whole section given to one point: alcohol jaundice is the gravest because it does not stay one disease. The observation about individual variation — one takes a stone without effect, another is disordered by a mouthful — is stated as a fact about people rather than about the wine, which is unusual. What follows tracks the progression: yellowing first, then blackness and swelling in the skin, then involvement of the head. That is the course of alcoholic liver disease from jaundice through to the pigmentation and oedema of cirrhosis, and the chapter treats it at 5.6 as black jaundice.

Deukhyo 得效

5.5.2
Source원문

脾與腎俱病爲黑疸色疸, 又名女勞疸, 身黃額黑. 《直指》

Translation영역
When spleen and kidney are both diseased it becomes black jaundice or sexual jaundice, also named jaundice from sexual taxation, with the body yellow and the forehead black.

Jikji 直指

5.6 Black Jaundice Is Hard to Treat 黑疸難治

5.6.1
Source원문

黃家, 日晡時當發熱, 而反惡寒, 此爲女勞得之. 膀胱急, 小腹滿, 一身盡黃, 額上黑, 足下熱, 因作黑疸. 腹脹如水狀, 大便黑, 或時溏, 此女勞之病, 非水也. 腹滿者, 難治. 《仲景》

Translation영역
In the jaundice family, fever should come toward dusk; where instead there is aversion to cold, the disease was contracted from sexual taxation. The bladder is tense, the lower abdomen full, the whole body yellow, the forehead black and the soles of the feet hot — and so black jaundice is formed. The abdomen distends as though with water, the stool is black or at times sloppy. This is a disease of sexual taxation, not of water. Where the abdomen is full, it is hard to treat.
Clinical note임상 주석
此女勞之病, 非水也 — this is a disease of sexual taxation, not of water — is a differential stated against the Oedema chapter. The abdomen distends as though with water but the cause is elsewhere, and treating it as water would be wrong. Black stool with a distended abdomen and darkened skin is upper gastrointestinal bleeding on chronic liver disease, and 腹滿者難治 — where the abdomen is full it is hard to treat — matches what ascites in that setting meant. **Black stool is a medical emergency.**

Junggyeong 仲景

5.6.2
Source원문

酒疸, 因下之, 久久變爲黑疸. 目靑面黑, 心中如啖蒜虀狀, 大便正黑, 小便亦或黑, 難治. 《仲景》

Translation영역
Alcohol jaundice, having been purged, turns after a long time into black jaundice: the eyes green and the face black, a sensation in the centre of the chest as though garlic pickle had been eaten, the stool truly black and the urine sometimes black as well. It is hard to treat.
Clinical note임상 주석
心中如啖蒜虀狀 — as though garlic pickle had been eaten — is the sharpest description in the chapter, and it survives entirely: a burning acrid sensation behind the sternum. That is reflux oesophagitis, and it belongs with the variceal bleeding the passage above records. The aetiology is again iatrogenic — alcohol jaundice that was purged. The chapter names physician error as a cause three times: here, at 5.1.12, and at 5.7.

Junggyeong 仲景

5.7 Yin Jaundice 陰黃

5.7.1
Source원문

治陰黃, 身面俱黃, 肢體沈重, 背寒身冷, 心下痞硬, 自汗, 小便利, 脉緊細空虛, 此寒凉過度, 變陽爲陰也. 或遇太陽太陰司天之歲, 寒濕太過, 亦變此疾. 宜茵蔯湯加入六方, 及茵蔯附子乾薑湯. 《綱目》

Translation영역
Treating yin jaundice: the body and face both yellow, the limbs and body heavy and sunken, the back cold and the body chilled, glomus and hardness below the heart, spontaneous sweating, urine passing freely, and a pulse tight, fine and empty. This is cooling carried to excess, yang turned to yin. Or in a year governed by the greater yang and greater yin, where cold damp is in excess, the disease likewise changes in this way. The Virgate Wormwood Decoction with the six added formulas, and the Virgate Wormwood, Aconite and Dry Ginger Decoction, are appropriate.
Clinical note임상 주석
寒凉過度, 變陽爲陰 — cooling carried to excess, yang turned to yin. The section exists because the chapter's own main treatment, applied too hard, produces a second disease. The signs listed are the reverse of every yang jaundice sign given so far: the body cold rather than hot, sweating spontaneous rather than absent, urine free rather than blocked, and the pulse empty rather than surging. Only the yellow is the same. 加入六方, the six added formulas, are the series at 5.7.1 through 5.7.6, each built on virgate wormwood three don with different medicinals added.

Gangmok 綱目

5.7.2
Source원문

理中湯方見寒門, 加茵蔯ㆍ茯苓, 亦效. 《綱目》

Translation영역
Rectify the Centre Decoction formula in the Cold Damage chapter with virgate wormwood and poria added is also effective.
Clinical note임상 주석
The simplest statement of the yin jaundice principle: take the standard formula for a cold vacuous centre and add the jaundice medicinal. Everything in the section follows this shape — a warming base with virgate wormwood attached, rather than a cooling base modified.

Gangmok 綱目

5.8 Epidemic Pestilence Breaking Out as Jaundice 疫癘發黃

5.8.1
Source원문

天行疫癘, 亦能發黃, 謂之瘟黃, 殺人最急. 宜瘴疸丸ㆍ茵蔯瀉黃湯ㆍ濟生茵蔯湯ㆍ苦參散. 《諸方》

Translation영역
Epidemic pestilence abroad in the age can also break out as yellowing; it is called epidemic jaundice, and it kills most swiftly of all. Miasma Jaundice Pill, Virgate Wormwood Drain the Yellow Decoction, Jisheng Virgate Wormwood Decoction and Sophora Powder are appropriate.
Clinical note임상 주석
The line repeats 5.1.11 word for word and adds the formulas. That the chapter states it twice, once among the causes and once as its own section, is the measure of how seriously it took the condition. Acute viral hepatitis with a fulminant course is what fits — rapid jaundice in an epidemic setting, killing within days. **Jaundice appearing suddenly with fever requires emergency medical care.**

Jebang 諸方

5.9 The Method of Nasal Insufflation to Dispel the Yellow 搐鼻退黃法

5.9.1
Source원문

凡黃疸, 由濕熱毒氣, 浸入淸氣道中, 宜納藥鼻中, 滴出黃水卽愈. 宜搐鼻瓜蔕散ㆍ如神散.

Translation영역
In jaundice generally, damp heat toxic qi soaks into the pathways of the clear qi; medicine should be put into the nose, and when the yellow water drips out recovery follows. Melon Stalk Powder for Nasal Insufflation and Spirit-Like Powder are appropriate.
Clinical note임상 주석
A whole treatment category built on one anatomical claim: the toxin has entered the pathways of the clear qi, which run through the head, so the medicine is delivered there and the yellow water drawn out through the nose. Whether the discharge was ever yellow in the sense meant is doubtful — melon stalk is a powerful irritant and would produce copious clear rhinorrhoea in anyone. But the method is recorded with enough practical detail at 5.9.1 to show it was actually done. **Powder drawn into the nose risks aspiration, and melon stalk is a toxic emetic. Neither preparation should be attempted.**

Donguibogam · Hwangdal

5.10 Medicines for Jaundice in General Use 黃疸通治藥

5.10.1
Source원문

黃疸之疾, 脾受濕熱, 鬱而不行, 亦多有腹脹之候. 治法大要, 疏導濕熱, 於大小便之中. 宜胃苓湯方見大便, 加茵蔯, 及茯苓滲濕湯. 又退黃散ㆍ一淸飮ㆍ石膏茵蔯散ㆍ茵蔯大黃湯ㆍ必效散ㆍ退黃丸ㆍ綠礬丸ㆍ褪金丸ㆍ棗子綠礬丸, 幷可. 《諸方》

Translation영역
In jaundice disease the spleen receives damp heat, which is depressed and does not move, and there are often signs of abdominal distension besides. The essential of the treatment method is to course and conduct the damp heat out through the two passages. Stomach-Calming and Poria Decoction formula in the Stool chapter with virgate wormwood added, and Poria Percolate Damp Decoction, are appropriate. Dispel the Yellow Powder, Single Clearing Drink, Gypsum and Virgate Wormwood Powder, Virgate Wormwood and Rhubarb Decoction, Certain Effect Powder, Dispel the Yellow Pill, Green Vitriol Pill, Fade the Gold Pill and Jujube and Green Vitriol Pill are all suitable.
Clinical note임상 주석
One statement of principle and nine formulas. 疏導濕熱, 於大小便之中 — course and conduct the damp heat out through the two passages — is the chapter's method in a line, and it is the same rule set out fourfold at 5.4.3. The last four on the list are the iron pills, and their presence among the general prescriptions is what makes this section wider than jaundice. Two conditions are being treated side by side: bile in the skin, and the anaemic sallowness the chapter calls yellow puffiness.

Jebang 諸方

5.11 Jaundice Aggregation with a Craving for Earth, Charcoal, Raw Rice and Tea Leaves 疸癖愛喫土炭生米茶葉

5.11.1
Source원문

宜用四寶丹, 及治癖三方. 《諸方》

Translation영역
The Four Treasures Elixir, and the three formulas for treating the aggregation, should be used.
Clinical note임상 주석
The shortest section in the chapter and among the most interesting. What it names — a craving to eat earth, charcoal, raw rice and tea leaves — is pica, and pica is the classic behavioural marker of iron deficiency. The chapter has placed it immediately after four iron pills, and answers it with four more formulas of its own. Whether the connection was understood as such cannot be known from the text, but the arrangement puts the two subjects together and treats them as one. The Accumulations chapter records the same craving at 1.8.12 without connecting it to anything; here it has a section, a name and its own formulary.

Jebang 諸方

5.12 Patterns That Can and Cannot Be Treated 可治不治證

5.12.1
Source원문

黃疸之病, 當以十八日爲期. 治之十日已上宜差, 反劇爲難治. 《仲景》

Translation영역
Jaundice disease should be reckoned at a term of eighteen days. Treated for ten days or more it ought to resolve; where instead it worsens, it is hard to treat.
Clinical note임상 주석
A prognostic clock, and a specific one. Eighteen days is the term; ten days of treatment should show improvement, and worsening at that point is the bad sign. Acute viral hepatitis does run roughly this course, with jaundice peaking in the second week and clearing over the third. The number is not arbitrary.

Junggyeong 仲景

5.12.2
Source원문

疸而不渴者可治, 疸而渴者難治. 發於陰部, 其人必嘔, 發於陽部, 其人振寒而發熱. 《仲景》

Translation영역
Jaundice without thirst can be treated; jaundice with thirst is hard to treat. Breaking out in the yin division, the patient must vomit; breaking out in the yang division, the patient shivers with cold and then fevers.

Junggyeong 仲景

5.12.3
Source원문

凡黃家, 候其寸口脉, 近掌無脉, 口鼻冷黑色, 幷不可治. 《脉經》

Translation영역
In the jaundice family generally, examine the pulse at the inch opening: where there is no pulse near the palm, and the mouth and nose are cold and black in colour, in neither case can it be treated.

Maekgyeong 脉經

5.12.4
Source원문

形體如烟熏, 直視搖頭, 爲心絶. 環口黧黑, 柔汗發黃, 爲脾絶, 皆不治. 《明理》

Translation영역
The body like smoke-stain, the gaze fixed and the head shaking, is the heart cut off. Blackness ringing the mouth, with limp sweating and yellowing, is the spleen cut off. Neither can be treated.
Clinical note임상 주석
Two viscus-exhaustion signs, and both are recognizable. A fixed stare with a shaking head in a jaundiced patient is the flapping tremor and altered consciousness of hepatic encephalopathy; blackness around the mouth with clammy sweating is peripheral shutdown. 柔汗, limp sweat, is the Shanghan tradition's term for the cold clammy sweat of collapse, as against the hot sweat of a fever breaking.

Myeongni 明理

5.12.5
Source원문

黃疸, 以十八日爲期, 十日以外入腹, 喘滿煩渴, 面黑者死. 《入門》

Translation영역
Jaundice is reckoned at a term of eighteen days; where past ten days it enters the abdomen, with panting and fullness, vexing thirst and a blackened face, the patient dies.
Clinical note임상 주석
入腹 — entering the abdomen — is ascites developing on jaundice, and with breathlessness and a darkened face it is hepatic decompensation. The Distension chapter describes the same endpoint from its own side at 3.12. **Jaundice with a swelling abdomen and breathlessness requires emergency medical care.**

Immun 入門

5.12.6
Source원문

脾胃稍實, 更斷厚味, 則可治. 傷酒色, 恣口腹者, 難治. 《入門》

Translation영역
Where the spleen and stomach are somewhat substantial and rich flavours are further cut off, it can be treated. Where there is damage from drink and from sexual indulgence, and appetite is given free rein, it is hard to treat.
Clinical note임상 주석
The one favourable statement in the section, and it turns on what the patient will do rather than on any sign. A jaundice can be treated if the digestion still holds and the diet is changed; it cannot if the drinking continues. That is still the prognosis in alcoholic liver disease, and it is still the hardest part of the treatment.

Immun 入門

5.12.7
Source원문

疸病面黑黃, 作渴腹脹, 難治. 《醫鑑》

Translation영역
In jaundice disease with a black-yellow face, thirst and abdominal distension, it is hard to treat.
Clinical note임상 주석
Three signs, and each has appeared separately above: blackening, thirst, and the abdomen filling. Together they close the section, and they are the same three the Distension and Oedema chapters name among their own unfavourable signs.

Uigam 醫鑑

5.13 Simple Medicinals 單方

5.13.1
Source원문

凡二十九種.

Translation영역
Twenty-nine kinds in all.

Donguibogam · Hwangdal

5.13.2
Source원문

臘雪水 治黃疸. 微溫飮之. 《本草》

Translation영역
Winter snow water (臘雪水): Treats jaundice. Drink it slightly warmed.

Boncho 本草

5.13.3
Source원문

車前草 最治黃疸. 搗取汁服之. 《直指》

Translation영역
Plantain (車前草): Treats jaundice best of all. Pound it, take the juice and drink.

Jikji 直指

5.13.4
Source원문

茵蔯蒿 主黃疸, 通身發黃小便赤. 以水濃煎服, 生食亦良. 《本草》

Translation영역
Virgate wormwood (茵蔯蒿): Governs jaundice with yellowing over the whole body and red urine. Decoct strongly in water and take; eaten raw it is also good.

Boncho 本草

5.13.5
Source원문

茵蔯蒿 治酒疸. 取一兩, 淸酒煎服, 名酒煮茵蔯湯. 《醫鑑》

Translation영역
Virgate wormwood (茵蔯蒿), second method: Treats alcohol jaundice. Take 1 nyang, decoct in clear wine and take; it is called Wine-Boiled Virgate Wormwood Decoction.
Clinical note임상 주석
The medicinal that leads sixteen of this chapter's formulas, given here alone. That it may be eaten raw is worth noting — none of the chapter's other simples is offered that way, and virgate wormwood was a spring vegetable as well as a medicine.

Uigam 醫鑑

5.13.6
Source원문

葛根 解酒疸, 小便赤澁. 取一兩, 水煎服. 《本草》

Translation영역
Pueraria (葛根): Resolves alcohol jaundice with red rough urine. Take 1 nyang, decoct in water and take.

Boncho 本草

5.13.7
Source원문

瓜蔞根 主八疸, 身面黃. 水煎服之. 《本草》

Translation영역
Trichosanthes root (瓜蔞根): Governs the eight jaundices with the body and face yellow. Decoct in water and take.

Boncho 本草

5.13.8
Source원문

酸漿草 主黃疸. 根味絶苦, 擣取汁飮之多效. 《本草》

Translation영역
Chinese lantern (酸漿草): Governs jaundice. The root is extremely bitter in flavour; pound it, take the juice and drink, with much effect.

Boncho 本草

5.13.9
Source원문

萱草根 主酒疸. 擣取汁飮. 又嫩苗煮食之. 《本草》

Translation영역
Daylily root (萱草根): Governs alcohol jaundice. Pound it, take the juice and drink. The tender shoots may also be boiled and eaten.

Boncho 本草

5.13.10
Source원문

王瓜根 治酒疸, 變成黑疸, 醫不能治. 取根搗取汁, 空心頓服一小升. 當有黃水, 隨小便出, 不效再服. 《本草》

Translation영역
Wild cucumber root (王瓜根): Treats alcohol jaundice that has turned into black jaundice, which physicians cannot cure. Take the root, pound it and take the juice; drink one small seung at a draught on an empty stomach. Yellow water should pass out with the urine; if it does not take effect, take it again.
Clinical note임상 주석
醫不能治 — which physicians cannot cure — is the condition this entry claims to answer, and the chapter has said at 5.6 that black jaundice is hard to treat. A simple offered for the case the formulas have failed is a pattern that recurs in these sections.

Boncho 本草

5.13.11
Source원문

靑蒿 治熱黃心痛. 搗取汁飮之. 《本草》

Translation영역
Sweet wormwood (靑蒿): Treats heat yellowing with heart pain. Pound it, take the juice and drink.

Boncho 本草

5.13.12
Source원문

萹蓄 治熱黃. 搗取汁, 頓服一小升. 《本草》

Translation영역
Knotgrass (萹蓄): Treats heat yellowing. Pound it, take the juice, and drink one small seung at a draught.

Boncho 本草

5.13.13
Source원문

黃蘗 主黃疸. 水煎服之. 《本草》

Translation영역
Phellodendron (黃蘗): Governs jaundice. Decoct in water and take.

Boncho 本草

5.13.14
Source원문

梔子 主胃熱, 食疸. 水煎飮之. 《本草》

Translation영역
Gardenia (梔子): Governs stomach heat and food jaundice. Decoct in water and drink.

Boncho 本草

5.13.15
Source원문

小麥苗 治酒疸. 搗取汁服, 或煮食之. 《本草》

Translation영역
Wheat sprout (小麥苗): Treats alcohol jaundice. Pound it, take the juice and drink, or boil and eat it.

Boncho 本草

5.13.16
Source원문

大麥苗 亦主黃疸. 取汁服. 《本草》

Translation영역
Barley shoot (大麥苗): Likewise governs jaundice. Take the juice and drink.
Clinical note임상 주석
Eleven of the twenty-nine simples are taken as pressed juice, and seven of those are green shoots or leafy plants — plantain, Chinese lantern, daylily, sweet wormwood, knotgrass, wheat and barley sprouts. Juicing rather than decocting keeps what heat would destroy, and the chapter reaches for it far more than the other chapters in this volume do.

Boncho 本草

5.13.17
Source원문

鮒魚 主黃疸. 作膾和五味食之. 又取活者, 置水中常常看之, 日一易, 最效. 《俗方》

Translation영역
Crucian carp (鮒魚): Governs jaundice. Make it into slices and eat it seasoned with the five flavours. Or take a live one, put it in water, and look at it constantly, changing it once a day — this is most effective.
Clinical note임상 주석
The second method is not medicine but sympathetic magic: a live fish is kept in water, looked at, and replaced daily. The yellow is understood to pass into the fish, which is why it must be changed. The Bogam records it under 俗方, a common local remedy, which is how Heo Jun marks material gathered from practice rather than from texts. **Raw freshwater fish transmits liver flukes and should not be eaten raw.**

Sokbang 俗方

5.13.18
Source원문

鯉魚 治黃疸. 如鮒魚法用之. 《俗方》

Translation영역
Carp (鯉魚): Treats jaundice. Use it as for crucian carp.

Sokbang 俗方

5.13.19
Source원문

鱉 治酒疸. 烹熟, 如常法作羹, 食數箇愈. 《種杏》

Translation영역
Soft-shelled turtle (鱉): Treats alcohol jaundice. Boil it through, make a broth in the usual way, and eating several the patient recovers.

Jonghaeng 種杏

5.13.20
Source원문

桃根 治黃疸, 身面如金色. 取東引桃根 一握, 細切, 水 二鍾煎至半, 空心頓服. 三五日後, 其黃離離如薄雲散, 惟眼最後差, 可時時飮一盞淸酒則易散. 忌熱ㆍ麪ㆍ猪ㆍ魚. 《本草》

Translation영역
Peach root (桃根): Treats jaundice with the body and face the colour of gold. Take a handful of peach root running eastward, cut it fine, decoct in 2 jong of water down to half, and drink at a draught on an empty stomach. After three or five days the yellow disperses like a thin cloud breaking up; only the eyes are the last to clear, and a cup of clear wine taken from time to time makes them clear more readily. Hot foods, wheat, pork and fish are to be avoided.
Clinical note임상 주석
惟眼最後差 — only the eyes are the last to clear — is an observation no theory would predict and only watching would produce. Scleral icterus does persist after cutaneous jaundice has faded, because the sclera binds bilirubin more firmly than skin does. The whole course described — clearing over three to five days like a thin cloud breaking up, with the eyes last — is an accurate account of resolving jaundice.

Boncho 本草

5.13.21
Source원문

蔓菁子 主急黃黃疸, 及內黃腹結不通. 取子搗細, 和水服 二三錢, 當瀉出惡物ㆍ黃水ㆍ砂ㆍ石ㆍ草ㆍ髮, 幷出差. 《本草》

Translation영역
Turnip seed (蔓菁子): Governs urgent yellowing and jaundice, and internal yellowing with the abdomen bound and not free. Pound the seed fine, take 2 or 3 don with water, and foul matter, yellow water, grit, stones, grass and hair should be purged out, and with their passing recovery follows.
Clinical note임상 주석
砂ㆍ石 — grit and stones — among the matter said to pass is worth pausing on. Gallstones are a cause of jaundice, and passing them does resolve it. What the tradition could observe was the stone in the stool; what it could not observe was where it had come from.

Boncho 本草

5.13.22
Source원문

甛瓜蔕 治黃疸初發, 及時氣急黃. 瓜蔕爲末, 搐兩鼻中, 出黃水. 又取一錢, 調溫水服, 得吐黃水便差. 《本草》

Translation영역
Melon stalk (甛瓜蔕): Treats jaundice newly broken out, and seasonal qi with urgent yellowing. Powder the melon stalk and draw it into both nostrils, and yellow water comes out. Or take 1 don stirred into warm water, and when yellow water is vomited up recovery follows.
Clinical note임상 주석
**Melon stalk is a violent emetic and toxic; the dose given here is taken by mouth. This should not be attempted.**

Boncho 本草

5.13.23
Source원문

絲瓜 治積傷酒麪發黃. 完絲瓜連皮子, 燒灰爲末. 因麪得病, 麪湯調下, 因酒得病, 酒調下. 數服卽愈. 《種杏》

Translation영역
Loofah (絲瓜): Treats yellowing from accumulated damage by drink and flour food. Take a whole loofah with its skin and seeds, burn to ash and powder. Where the disease came of flour, take it down with flour broth; where it came of drink, with wine. Several doses and recovery follows.
Clinical note임상 주석
The vehicle is matched to the cause — flour broth for damage from flour, wine for damage from drink. That is the courier logic the Accumulations chapter uses at 1.13.18, where the drink taken with the pill is chosen for the offending food.

Jonghaeng 種杏

5.13.24
Source원문

水芹 治五種黃病. 取汁飮之, 作虀葅, 或煮食, 或生食, 幷得. 宜常食. 《本草》

Translation영역
Water dropwort (水芹): Treats the five kinds of yellow disease. Take the juice and drink it; made into pickle, boiled, or eaten raw — all are good. It should be eaten regularly.

Boncho 本草

5.13.25
Source원문

生葱 治傷寒發黃, 目不識人. 生葱, 火煨熟, 去麄皮, 取心扭出汁, 蘸香油, 點兩目大小眥, 立明. 《種杏》

Translation영역
Fresh scallion (生葱): Treats cold damage breaking out as yellowing with the eyes not recognizing people. Roast fresh scallion through in the fire, remove the coarse outer skin, take the heart and wring out its juice, dip it in sesame oil, and apply to the inner and outer canthi of both eyes; sight is restored at once.

Jonghaeng 種杏

5.13.26
Source원문

生葱 又燒酒口噙, 令病人開目噴之, 其眼自明. 《種杏》

Translation영역
Fresh scallion (生葱), second method: Also hold distilled spirit in the mouth, have the patient open the eyes, and spray it at them; the eyes clear of themselves.
Clinical note임상 주석
目不識人 — the eyes not recognizing people — is not a complaint about vision. It is altered consciousness, the hepatic encephalopathy the chapter names at 5.12.4 as the heart cut off. The remedies are therefore attempts at rousing rather than at treating the eyes: pungent juice at the canthi, spirit sprayed at the face. Both are startle stimuli, which is what one reaches for when a patient will not respond. **Applying scallion juice or spirit to the eyes causes chemical injury. Altered consciousness in a jaundiced patient is a medical emergency.**

Jonghaeng 種杏

5.13.27
Source원문

苦瓠 去黃疸. 煎取汁, 滴鼻中, 出黃水差. 《本草》

Translation영역
Bitter bottle gourd (苦瓠): Removes jaundice. Decoct and take the juice, drip it into the nose, and when yellow water comes out recovery follows.
Clinical note임상 주석
**Bitter bottle gourd contains cucurbitacins and is toxic. This should not be attempted.**

Boncho 本草

5.13.28
Source원문

絲蓴 治熱疸. 作羹作虀, 常食佳. 《本草》

Translation영역
Water shield (絲蓴): Treats heat jaundice. Made into broth or pickle and eaten regularly, it is good.

Boncho 本草

5.13.29
Source원문

冬葵 治時行黃病. 煮汁飮, 又作羹作虀, 常食. 《本草》

Translation영역
Cluster mallow (冬葵): Treats seasonal yellow disease. Boil and drink the liquid; also made into broth or pickle and eaten regularly.

Boncho 本草

5.13.30
Source원문

白烏雞 傷寒發黃, 胸心昏悶不省, 死在須臾. 白烏雄雞 一隻, 去毛及腸屎, 以刀爛切, 鋪心頭上, 少頃卽活. 《醫鑑》

Translation영역
White black-boned cock (白烏雞): For cold damage breaking out as yellowing, with clouding and oppression of the chest and heart and loss of awareness, death within moments. Take one white black-boned cock, remove the feathers and the entrails, cut it fine with a knife, and spread it over the region of the heart; after a short while the patient revives.
Clinical note임상 주석
死在須臾 — death within moments — is the most urgent indication in the chapter, and the remedy is an external application over the praecordium. Fresh flesh laid on the chest would be cold and wet, which is what makes this a cooling measure rather than a medicine. **This describes a patient losing consciousness with jaundice — a medical emergency requiring immediate care.**

Uigam 醫鑑

5.13.31
Source원문

熊膽 療天行黃疸. 取少許和水服. 《本草》

Translation영역
Bear bile (熊膽): Cures epidemic jaundice. Take a little stirred into water.
Clinical note임상 주석
**Bear bile is CITES-listed and its trade is prohibited or restricted; bear farming is illegal in many jurisdictions. Contemporary practice substitutes with medicinals such as 虎杖 or 龍膽草.**

Boncho 本草

5.13.32
Source원문

猪糞 治同上. 取糞漬水, 取淸頓服. 《本草》

Translation영역
Pig droppings (猪糞): Treats the same as above. Steep the droppings in water, take the clear liquid and drink at a draught.
Clinical note임상 주석
**Ingesting animal excreta carries a serious infection risk and should not be attempted.**

Boncho 本草

5.13.33
Source원문

猪脂 治五疸, 及胃中有乾屎, 發黃. 煎猪脂, 取三合, 日三服. 大便乾屎下乃愈. 《本草》

Translation영역
Pig fat (猪脂): Treats the five jaundices, and yellowing arising from dry stool in the stomach. Render pig fat and take 3 hop, three times a day. When the dry stool passes, recovery follows.
Clinical note임상 주석
The chapter closes on a lubricant purgative, and on a mechanism it states plainly: dry stool held in the gut produces the yellowing, and when the stool passes the yellow goes. That is the simplest aetiology offered anywhere in the chapter, and after five jaundices, eighteen days, four iron pills and sixteen virgate wormwood formulas, it is a plain place to end.

Boncho 本草

About this translation 凡例

Base text: Donguibogam (東醫寶鑑, 1613 first edition), Miscellaneous Disorders, Volume 6, Jaundice chapter. The Chinese text is collated against the public-domain Wikisource transcription and a printed edition; original character forms (脉, 人參) are retained. Terminology follows Wiseman & Feng, A Practical Dictionary of Chinese Medicine. Translation and clinical notes are original to this site. — Eui Young (Justin) Chung, L.Ac., Dipl. O.M.