寶鑑Bogam

Formulas · Text · Donguibogam 東醫寶鑑

Dampness

Seup

한글 습  ·  Pinyin Shi

The evil that arrives without being felt — seven dampnesses, and one rule about how much to sweat

濕

Damp is water, and the chapter opens by saying so. What follows is an account of an evil unlike the others in this volume: wind, cold and summerheat strike and are felt at once, while damp steams in unnoticed and is recognized only by what it has already done. The chapter lists those effects in one line at 3.4.2 — binding it becomes cough, soaking it becomes vomiting, seeping it becomes diarrhoea, overflowing it becomes oedema, stagnating with heat it becomes jaundice, spread through the body it becomes heaviness, gathered with phlegm it becomes clouding until the patient does not know people. Then it sorts: seven dampnesses at 3.8, each with its own signs and formulas, from damp struck in to damp from drink. Two rules govern the treatment. Danxi's, at 3.11.1, is to promote a slight sweat and free the urine so the damp disperses above and below at once. Zhongjing's, at 3.8.2.3, explains why the sweat must be slight: a great sweat carries off the wind and leaves the damp behind. Against both stands 3.12, which forbids sweating, purging and moxa altogether in damp disease.

3.1 Dampness Is Water Qi 濕乃水氣

3.1.1
Source원문

濕卽水也. 東南𥦠下, 風雨襲虛, 山澤蒸氣, 人多中濕. 濕在經則日晡發熱, 鼻塞, 在關節, 則一身盡痛. 在藏府, 則淸濁混, 而大便濡泄, 小便反澁, 腹或脹滿, 濕熱搏, 則遍身黃如熏色. 《入門》

Translation영역
Damp is water. In the southeast the land lies low; wind and rain strike at the vacuity, and the steaming qi of mountains and marshes is such that people are often struck by damp. Where the damp lies in the channels there is fever toward dusk and a blocked nose; in the joints, the whole body aches. In the viscera and bowels, clear and turbid are mixed, so that the stool is soggy and loose while the urine on the contrary is rough, and the abdomen may distend; and where damp and heat contend, the whole body yellows like the colour of smoke-stain.
Clinical note임상 주석
The chapter's opening line is a definition — damp is water — and everything after it follows from treating the two as one substance in different states. The sign list is arranged by depth: channels, joints, organs. What is worth carrying is the middle case at the organs, where the stool runs loose while the urine is scant. That combination is the chapter's marker for damp gone inward, and the Oedema chapter uses the same pairing at 2.5.17 to select its formulas.

Immun 入門

3.1.2
Source원문

水氣有毒, 能爲風濕, 疼痺水腫, 面黃腹大. 初自皮膚脚手入, 漸至六府, 令人大小便澁, 至五藏, 漸漸加至忽攻心, 便死. 《本草》

Translation영역
Water qi has toxin in it, and can become wind damp, aching impediment and water swelling, with a yellow face and a large abdomen. At first it enters from the skin, the feet and the hands; gradually it reaches the six bowels, causing stool and urine to be rough; reaching the five viscera it increases by degrees until it suddenly assails the heart, and then death follows.
Clinical note임상 주석
A progression traced from the surface inward over time, ending at the heart. What it describes in its late stages — a yellow face, a large abdomen, then sudden cardiac collapse — is the course the Oedema, Distension and Jaundice chapters each take up separately. This chapter states it once, at the beginning, as one disease.

Boncho 本草

3.1.3
Source원문

江湖間露氣成瘴, 兩山挾水中氣瘧, 一冷一熱, 相激成病癥. 俱是濕, 能與人作寒熱, 消爍骨肉, 南土尤甚. 大略皆瘴類也. 《本草》

Translation영역
Between river and lake the dew qi becomes miasma; where two mountains enclose water the qi within brings malaria, now cold and now hot, the two striking against each other and forming disease. All of this is damp, which can bring on cold and heat in people and waste away their bones and flesh. In the southern lands it is worst of all, and broadly speaking it all belongs to the miasma kind.
Clinical note임상 주석
一冷一熱 — now cold and now hot — is the alternating fever the chapter reads as arising where water stands between hills, and it is malaria. That the tradition placed it under damp rather than under the seasonal fevers is a consequence of where the disease was seen: low wet ground in the far south, which is also where the mosquitoes were.

Boncho 本草

3.2 The Qi of Mist and Dew Becomes Miasma 霧露之氣爲瘴

3.2.1
Source원문

南方土地卑濕, 依山則觸嵐氣, 近水則受濕氣. 《類聚》

Translation영역
In the south the land is low and damp: near the hills one meets the mountain vapour, near the water one receives the damp qi.

Yuchwi 類聚

3.2.2
Source원문

東南兩廣, 山峻水惡, 地濕漚熱. 如春秋時月, 外感霧毒, 寒熱胸滿不食. 此瘴毒從口鼻入也. 宜平胃散方見內傷ㆍ升麻蒼朮湯ㆍ神朮散. 《入門》

Translation영역
In the two Guang provinces of the southeast the mountains are steep and the water bad, the ground damp and the heat steeping. In the spring and autumn months mist toxin is contracted from without, with cold and heat, chest fullness and no appetite. This miasmic toxin enters through the mouth and nose. Calm the Stomach Powder formula in the Internal Damage chapter, Cimicifuga and Atractylodes Lancea Decoction and Spirit Atractylodes Powder are appropriate.
Clinical note임상 주석
從口鼻入 — entering through the mouth and nose — is a route of infection, and the chapter states it plainly. That it is distinguished from damp entering through the skin, as at 3.1.2, shows the tradition was tracking how a disease got in as well as what it did.

Immun 入門

3.2.3
Source원문

南方地煖, 故太陰之時, 草木不黃落, 伏蟄不閉藏, 雜毒因煖而生. 故嶺南從仲春訖仲夏, 行靑草瘴, 從季夏訖孟冬, 行黃茅瘴. 其治法與傷寒無異, 惟能別其表裏, 不妄汗下爲好. 《類聚》

Translation영역
In the south the ground is warm, and so in the season of greater yin the grasses and trees do not yellow and fall, and creatures that should lie hidden do not shut themselves away; mixed toxins are engendered by the warmth. Therefore in the southern provinces, from mid-spring to midsummer the green-grass miasma goes abroad, and from late summer to early winter the yellow-thatch miasma. The method of treating it does not differ from cold damage; only it is well to distinguish exterior from interior and not to sweat or purge recklessly.
Clinical note임상 주석
Two seasonal miasmas named for what the ground looks like when each is abroad — green grass in the warm half, yellow thatch in the cool. Behind the naming is an observation about transmission seasons that holds for malaria, and the reasoning offered for why the south is different is climatic rather than moral: it does not freeze, so nothing is forced to lie dormant.

Yuchwi 類聚

3.3 Pulse Method 脉法

3.3.1
Source원문

傷濕之脉, 細濡. 《入門》

Translation영역
The pulse of damp damage is fine and soggy.

Immun 入門

3.3.2
Source원문

濕熱之脉, 緩大. 《脉訣》

Translation영역
The pulse of damp heat is moderate and large.

Maekgyeol 脉訣

3.3.3
Source원문

或澁或細或濡或緩, 是皆中濕可得而斷. 《脉訣》

Translation영역
Rough, or fine, or soggy, or moderate — by any of these damp struck in may be determined.

Maekgyeol 脉訣

3.3.4
Source원문

脉浮而緩濕在表也. 脉沈而緩濕在裏也. 《脉訣》

Translation영역
A pulse floating and moderate means the damp is in the exterior; sunken and moderate means it is in the interior.
Clinical note임상 주석
The one pulse finding that changes the treatment. Floating means the damp is still at the surface and is sweated out; sunken means it has gone in and is drained through the urine. That is the division the formulas at 3.8.2 and 3.8.3 follow.

Maekgyeol 脉訣

3.3.5
Source원문

脉弦而緩, 或緩而浮, 皆風濕相搏也. 《脉經》

Translation영역
A pulse wiry and moderate, or moderate and floating, in both cases means wind and damp contending.

Maekgyeong 脉經

3.3.6
Source원문

身痛, 脉沈爲中濕. 《活人》

Translation영역
Body pain with a sunken pulse means damp struck in.
Clinical note임상 주석
緩, the moderate pulse, appears in five of these six lines. It is the damp pulse — neither fast nor slow, slightly slack under the finger — and what is added to it tells the rest: floating or sunken for depth, wiry for wind, large for heat.

Hwarinseo 活人

3.4 Damp Qi Invades Without Being Felt 濕氣侵人不覺

3.4.1
Source원문

風寒暑, 暴傷人便覺, 濕氣熏襲, 人多不覺. 其自外而入者, 長夏鬱熱, 山澤蒸氣, 冒雨行濕, 汗透沾衣. 多腰脚腫痛. 其自內得者, 生冷酒麪滯, 脾生濕, 鬱熱, 多肚腹腫脹. 西北人, 多內濕, 東南人, 多外濕. 《入門》

Translation영역
Wind, cold and summerheat damage a person suddenly and are felt at once; damp qi steams and steals in, and people mostly do not feel it. What enters from outside comes of the depressed heat of late summer, the steaming vapour of mountains and marshes, braving rain and walking in wet, and sweat soaking through the clothes — mostly it brings swelling and pain of the lumbus and legs. What is got from within comes of raw and cold foods, of drink and flour food retained, so that the spleen engenders damp and it is depressed into heat — mostly it brings swelling and distension of the belly. People of the northwest have much internal damp, people of the southeast much external damp.
Clinical note임상 주석
The passage that names the chapter's subject: damp is the evil one does not notice arriving. The others announce themselves; this one is recognized only by what it has already done. The geographical note at the end is not decoration. The southeast is wet and low, so damp comes from outside; the northwest is high and dry, so it comes from diet — and the treatments at 3.10 divide on exactly that line.

Immun 入門

3.4.2
Source원문

人居戴履, 受濕最多. 行住坐臥, 實熏染於冥冥之中, 滯而爲喘嗽, 漬而爲嘔吐, 滲而爲泄瀉, 溢而爲浮腫. 濕瘀熱則發黃, 濕遍體則重着, 濕入關節則一身盡痛, 濕聚痰涎則昏不知人. 《直指》

Translation영역
Living between heaven and earth, a person receives damp more than anything else. Walking, standing, sitting and lying, they are in truth steeped and stained by it in the dark unseen. Binding, it becomes panting and cough; soaking, it becomes vomiting; seeping, it becomes diarrhoea; overflowing, it becomes oedema. Damp stagnating with heat breaks out as yellowing; damp spread through the body becomes fixed heaviness; damp entering the joints makes the whole body ache; damp gathered with phlegm drool brings clouding until the patient does not know people.
Clinical note임상 주석
Eight outcomes from one cause, in eight matched clauses, and the eight are the subject matter of half this volume. Cough belongs to the Cough chapter, vomiting to Vomiting, oedema to Oedema, yellowing to Jaundice, and the clouding to the phlegm chapters. 熏染於冥冥之中 — steeped and stained in the dark unseen — is the image the whole chapter turns on, and it is why the section is titled as it is.

Jikji 直指

3.5 The Clear and Turbid Evils of Mist and Dew Striking a Person 霧露淸濁之邪中人

3.5.1
Source원문

寸口陰脉緊者, 霧露濁邪, 中於下焦少陰之分, 名曰渾. 陰氣爲慄, 令人足脛逆冷, 便尿妄出, 或腹痛下利. 宜理中湯ㆍ四逆湯方見寒門.

Translation영역
Where the yin pulse at the inch opening is tight, the turbid evil of mist and dew has struck the lesser yin division of the lower burner; this is called muddied. The yin qi brings shivering, the feet and shins are reverse-cold, stool and urine pass without control, or there is abdominal pain with diarrhoea. Rectify the Centre Decoction and Counterflow Cold Decoction formulas in the Cold Damage chapter are appropriate.

Immun 入門

3.5.2
Source원문

寸口陽脉緊, 或帶濇者, 霧露淸邪, 中於上焦太陽之分, 名曰潔, 陽中霧露之氣也. 令人發熱頭痛, 項强頸攣, 腰痛脛痠. 宜九味羌活湯ㆍ藿香正氣散方見寒門.

Translation영역
Where the yang pulse at the inch opening is tight, or carries a roughness, the clear evil of mist and dew has struck the greater yang division of the upper burner; this is called clean, the yang having been struck by the qi of mist and dew. It brings fever and headache, stiffness of the nape and cramping of the neck, pain in the lumbus and aching of the shins. Nine Ingredients Notopterygium Decoction and Agastache Correct the Qi Powder formulas in the Cold Damage chapter are appropriate.
Clinical note임상 주석
Mist and dew are divided into a clear evil and a turbid one, and the division is made at the pulse: tight in the yang position means it struck above, tight in the yin position means below. The names given — 潔 clean and 渾 muddied — are chosen for the character of the evil rather than the patient. It is an elegant scheme, and the practical content is that the same exposure produces two quite different illnesses depending on where it lands.

Immun 入門

3.5.3
Source원문

陰陽脉俱緊者, 上下二焦, 俱中邪也. 必吐利後, 脉不緊, 手足溫則愈. 若脉陰陽俱緊, 口中氣出, 脣口乾燥, 踡臥, 足冷, 鼻涕出, 舌上胎滑, 勿妄治也. 《入門》

Translation영역
Where both the yin and yang pulses are tight, both burners have been struck by the evil. After vomiting and diarrhoea, if the pulse is no longer tight and the hands and feet are warm, recovery follows. But where both pulses remain tight, with breath issuing from the mouth, the lips and mouth dry, the patient lying curled, the feet cold, mucus running from the nose and a slippery coat on the tongue — do not treat recklessly.
Clinical note임상 주석
勿妄治也 — do not treat recklessly — is an instruction to hold back, and the sign list that prompts it describes a patient in collapse: curled, cold-footed, mouth-breathing. The chapter is saying that at this point intervention is more likely to harm than help. **This describes a critically ill patient. Such a presentation requires emergency medical care.**

Immun 入門

3.6 Fire and Heat Engender Dampness 火熱生濕

3.6.1
Source원문

濕本土氣, 火熱能生濕土. 故夏熱則萬物濕潤, 秋涼則萬物乾燥. 夫熱而怫鬱, 則生濕也, 因濕生痰. 故用二陳湯方見痰飮, 加酒芩ㆍ羌活ㆍ防風, 去風行濕, 盖風能勝濕也. 《丹心》

Translation영역
Damp is fundamentally the qi of earth, and fire and heat are able to engender the damp earth. Thus in the heat of summer all things are damp and moist, and in the cool of autumn all things are dry. Heat thwarted and depressed engenders damp, and from damp phlegm is engendered. Therefore Two Matured Ingredients Decoction formula in the Phlegm-Rheum chapter is used with wine-processed scutellaria, notopterygium and saposhnikovia added, to dispel wind and move damp — for wind is able to overcome damp.
Clinical note임상 주석
風能勝濕 — wind is able to overcome damp — is the principle behind every acrid raising medicinal in this chapter, and the analogy is a drying wind over wet ground. It explains why notopterygium and saposhnikovia appear in formulas for a condition that has nothing to do with wind. The argument that opens the passage is worth following: summer is hot and everything is damp, autumn is cool and everything is dry, therefore heat makes damp rather than the reverse. That is an inference from the weather, and the section builds on it.

Dansim 丹心

3.6.2
Source원문

凡病濕者, 多自熱生, 而熱氣多爲兼病. 《鉤玄》

Translation영역
In all who suffer damp, it mostly arises from heat, and the heat qi is mostly a concurrent disease.

Guhyeon 鉤玄

3.6.3
Source원문

濕病本不自生, 因於火熱怫鬱, 水液不能宣通, 停滯而生水濕也. 《鉤玄》

Translation영역
Damp disease does not of itself arise; it comes of fire and heat thwarted and depressed, so that the water humour cannot diffuse and pass, but stands and stagnates and engenders water damp.
Clinical note임상 주석
濕病本不自生 — damp disease does not of itself arise — states the section's thesis in five graphs, and it is the counter to the chapter's own opening. 3.1 says damp is water and comes from wet ground; here damp is a consequence of heat blocking the movement of fluid. The chapter records both and does not reconcile them.

Guhyeon 鉤玄

3.6.4
Source원문

六七月之間, 濕令大行, 燥金受濕熱之邪, 絶寒水生化之源. 源絶則腎虧, 痿厥之病大作, 腰以下痿軟癱瘓, 不能動, 行步不正, 兩足欹側, 淸燥湯主之. 方見足部 《正傳》

Translation영역
Between the sixth and seventh months the damp command goes abroad greatly; the dry metal receives the evil of damp heat, and the source of engendering and transformation of the cold water is cut off. The source being cut off, the kidney is depleted and diseases of wilting and reversal break out greatly: below the lumbus there is wilting, softness and paralysis, the patient cannot move, walks unsteadily, and both feet turn to the side. Clear Dryness Decoction governs it. formula in the Foot chapter
Clinical note임상 주석
A five-phase chain running from the season to the legs: damp overwhelms the lung metal, the metal cannot engender the kidney water, and the legs wilt. The clinical picture — bilateral lower limb weakness with unsteady gait and inverted feet, appearing in high summer — is the Wilting chapter's territory, and the source sends the reader there.

Jeongjeon 正傳

3.7 Damp Diseases Resemble Cold Damage 濕病類傷寒

3.7.1
Source원문

中濕ㆍ風濕ㆍ濕溫, 皆類傷寒. 中濕之由, 風雨襲虛, 山澤蒸氣, 濕流關節, 一身盡痛. 風濕者, 其人先中濕, 又傷風, 故謂之風濕. 其人中濕, 因而中暑, 名曰濕溫. 《活人》

Translation영역
Damp struck in, wind damp and damp warmth all resemble cold damage. Damp struck in arises when wind and rain strike at the vacuity, or from the steaming vapour of mountains and marshes; the damp flows into the joints and the whole body aches. As for wind damp, the person was first struck by damp and then damaged by wind, and so it is called wind damp. Where the person is struck by damp and thereupon struck by summerheat, it is called damp warmth.
Clinical note임상 주석
Three of the seven dampnesses defined by what was added to what. Damp alone is damp struck in; damp then wind is wind damp; damp then summerheat is damp warmth. The order matters — in each case damp came first.

Hwarinseo 活人

3.7.2
Source원문

傷寒有五, 其一爲中濕. 盖風濕之氣, 中人爲病發熱, 與溫病相類, 故曰濕溫也. 難經曰, 濕溫之脉, 陽濡而弱, 陰小而急. 《活人》

Translation영역
Cold damage is of five kinds, and one of them is damp struck in. For the qi of wind and damp, striking a person, produces disease with fever resembling warm disease, and so it is called damp warmth. The Nanjing says: the pulse of damp warmth is soggy and weak in the yang, small and tense in the yin.
Clinical note임상 주석
The section exists because these conditions were mistaken for cold damage, and the consequences of the mistake were serious. 3.8.6.1 spells them out: damp warmth sweated produces loss of speech, deafness, a blue cast to the body — and a patient who dies of that was killed by the physician.

Hwarinseo 活人

3.8 The Seven Damp Diseases 濕病有七

3.8.1
Source원문

有中濕ㆍ風濕ㆍ寒濕ㆍ濕痺ㆍ濕熱ㆍ濕溫ㆍ酒濕. 又有破傷濕. 《活人》

Translation영역
There are damp struck in, wind damp, cold damp, damp impediment, damp heat, damp warmth and alcohol damp. There is also damp entering a wound.
Clinical note임상 주석
Seven named and an eighth added after — damp entering a wound is set apart by the 又有, which is why the heading counts seven. The first six are sorted by what the damp is combined with; alcohol damp by where it came from; and the eighth by how it got in.

Hwarinseo 活人

3.8.1 Damp Struck In 中濕

3.8.1.1
Source원문

面色浮澤, 是爲中濕. 《內經註》

Translation영역
A complexion floating and glossy — this is damp struck in.
Clinical note임상 주석
浮澤 — floating and glossy — is a puffy sheen on the face, and it is the earliest sign the chapter gives. The Oedema chapter names the same quality at 2.3.8, where the skin is thin and shiny.

Naegyeong-ju 內經註

3.8.1.2
Source원문

中濕之脉, 沈而微緩. 濕喜歸脾, 流於關節, 中之多使人腹䐜脹倦怠, 四肢關節疼痛而煩, 或一身重着. 久則浮腫喘滿昏不知人. 挾風則眩暈嘔噦, 挾寒則攣拳掣痛. 《得效》

Translation영역
The pulse of damp struck in is sunken and slightly moderate. Damp likes to return to the spleen and flows into the joints; where it strikes deeply it brings abdominal distension and lassitude, aching and vexation of the limbs and joints, or heaviness fixed over the whole body. Left long it becomes oedema, panting and fullness, and clouding until the patient does not know people. Carrying wind with it there is dizziness and retching; carrying cold, there is cramping of the fists and pulling pain.
Clinical note임상 주석
The course traced here ends where the chapter began at 3.4.2 — oedema, breathlessness, and clouding of consciousness. That is damp allowed to run its course, and it is the same endpoint the Oedema and Distension chapters describe from their own sides. The last two clauses are the differential: dizziness and retching mean wind is with it, cramping and pulling pain mean cold.

Deukhyo 得效

3.8.1.3
Source원문

外中濕者, 或被雨濕蒸氣, 或遠行涉水, 或久臥濕地而得.

Translation영역
Damp struck in from outside is got from being caught in rain or in steaming vapour, from travelling far and wading through water, or from lying long on damp ground.

Hoechun 回春

3.8.1.4
Source원문

內中濕者, 因生冷過多, 或厚味醇酒停滯, 脾虛不能運化而得. 《回春》

Translation영역
Damp struck in from within is got from raw and cold foods taken to excess, or from rich flavours and strong wine retained, the spleen being vacuous and unable to move and transform them.
Clinical note임상 주석
The two routes stated plainly, and the treatments follow from them. External damp is dispersed at the surface; internal damp is met by restoring the spleen's capacity to move what was eaten. 3.10 develops the same division geographically.

Hoechun 回春

3.8.1.5
Source원문

中濕, 宜勝濕湯ㆍ除濕湯ㆍ加味朮附湯ㆍ白朮酒, 或五苓散方見寒門, 加羌活ㆍ川芎ㆍ蒼朮.

Translation영역
For damp struck in, Overcome Dampness Decoction, Eliminate Dampness Decoction, Augmented Atractylodes and Aconite Decoction and White Atractylodes Wine are appropriate; or Five Poria Powder formula in the Cold Damage chapter with notopterygium, chuanxiong and atractylodes lancea added.

Donguibogam · Seup

3.8.2 Wind Damp 風濕

3.8.2.1
Source원문

太陽經, 感風濕相搏, 其骨節煩疼者, 濕氣也. 濕則關節不利故痛. 其掣而不能屈伸者, 風也. 汗出身寒, 脉沈微, 短氣, 小便淸而不利者, 寒閉也. 惡風者, 表虛也. 或微腫者, 陽氣不行也. 宜甘草附子湯ㆍ朮附湯ㆍ白朮附子湯ㆍ麻杏薏甘湯. 《活人》

Translation영역
Where the greater yang channel has contracted wind and damp contending, the vexing ache of the bones and joints is the damp qi — for damp makes the joints not free, and hence the pain. The pulling that prevents bending and stretching is the wind. Sweating with a cold body, a pulse sunken and faint, shortness of breath, and urine clear but not free, is cold closing in. Aversion to wind is exterior vacuity. Slight swelling is the yang qi not moving. Licorice and Aconite Decoction, Atractylodes and Aconite Decoction, White Atractylodes and Aconite Decoction and Ephedra, Apricot Kernel, Coix and Licorice Decoction are appropriate.
Clinical note임상 주석
The passage separates wind from damp by the quality of the pain, and the distinction is usable. Aching in the joints is damp; pulling that stops the joint bending is wind. Every other sign in the list is then assigned a mechanism — the cold that closes, the vacuity that lets wind in, the yang that will not move.

Hwarinseo 活人

3.8.2.2
Source원문

風濕之證, 風勝則衛虛汗出, 短氣惡風, 不欲去衣. 濕勝則小便不利, 或身微腫. 宜防己黃芪湯ㆍ羌附湯ㆍ除濕羌活湯. 《入門》

Translation영역
In the wind damp pattern, where wind prevails the defence is vacuous and sweat comes out, with shortness of breath and aversion to wind so that the patient will not take off their clothes. Where damp prevails the urine is not free, or the body swells slightly. Stephania and Astragalus Decoction, Notopterygium and Aconite Decoction and Eliminate Dampness Notopterygium Decoction are appropriate.
Clinical note임상 주석
不欲去衣 — unwilling to take off their clothes — is an observation about behaviour rather than a symptom reported, and it is the kind of detail that identifies aversion to wind unmistakably.

Immun 入門

3.8.2.3
Source원문

風濕相搏, 一身盡痛, 法當汗出而解. 値天陰雨不止, 醫云, 可發汗, 汗之而病不愈者, 何也. 答曰, 發其汗, 汗太出者, 但風氣去, 濕氣在, 故不愈也. 若治濕風者, 發其汗, 但微微自欲汗出者, 風濕俱去也. 《仲景》

Translation영역
Where wind and damp contend and the whole body aches, the rule is that sweat should come out and it resolves. But in a spell of overcast and unceasing rain, a physician said sweating could be promoted; sweat was promoted and the disease did not resolve — why? The answer: in promoting the sweat, where the sweat comes out too greatly, only the wind qi goes and the damp qi remains, and so it does not resolve. In treating damp and wind, promote the sweat only so that it comes faintly and of itself, and wind and damp go together.
Clinical note임상 주석
The single most useful passage in the chapter, and it is framed as a case that went wrong. Wind is light and leaves with a strong sweat; damp is heavy and does not. A sweat that comes faintly and of itself carries both. This governs every exterior formula in the chapter, and it is why four of them close with the same instruction — 微汗卽解, a slight sweat and it resolves.

Junggyeong 仲景

3.8.2.4
Source원문

風濕相搏, 骨節煩疼掣痛, 近之則痛劇. 《入門》

Translation영역
Where wind and damp contend, the bones and joints ache vexingly with pulling pain, and to come near is to make the pain severe.
Clinical note임상 주석
近之則痛劇 — to come near is to make the pain severe — describes a joint too tender to be touched or approached. That is the degree of inflammation at which a patient guards the limb, and it is the most severe wind damp presentation the chapter records.

Immun 入門

3.8.3 Cold Damp 寒濕

3.8.3.1
Source원문

凡濕, 以尿赤有渴爲熱濕, 以尿淸不渴爲寒濕. 《入門》

Translation영역
In damp generally, red urine with thirst is damp heat; clear urine without thirst is cold damp.
Clinical note임상 주석
Two questions and the treatment divides. This is the chapter's cleanest discriminating rule and it decides between the dry ginger and clove of 3.8.3.1 and the phellodendron of 3.8.5.2. The Jaundice chapter gives the same test at 5.4.1 for its own purposes.

Immun 入門

3.8.3.2
Source원문

寒濕交攻, 宜滲濕湯ㆍ加劑除濕湯ㆍ生附除濕湯ㆍ治濕中和湯ㆍ五積散方見寒門ㆍ蒼朮復煎散.

Translation영역
Where cold and damp attack together, Percolate Dampness Decoction, Augmented Eliminate Dampness Decoction, Raw Aconite Eliminate Dampness Decoction, Treat Dampness and Harmonize the Centre Decoction, Five Accumulations Powder formula in the Cold Damage chapter and Atractylodes Lancea Re-Decocted Powder are appropriate.

Donguibogam · Seup

3.8.3.3
Source원문

腰下冷重或痛, 是爲腎着, 宜用腎着湯. 方見腰部

Translation영역
Cold and heaviness below the lumbus, or pain there, is kidney fixation; Kidney Fixation Decoction should be used. formula in the Lumbus chapter
Clinical note임상 주석
腎着, kidney fixation, is the Jingui's name for cold damp settled in the low back — the sensation of carrying something cold and heavy at the waist, with the lumbus itself not otherwise diseased. The chapter sends the reader to the Lumbus chapter for the formula.

Donguibogam · Seup

3.8.4 Damp Impediment 濕痺

3.8.4.1
Source원문

詳見風門.

Translation영역
Treated in fuller detail in the Wind chapter.
Clinical note임상 주석
One of the seven given a heading and a cross-reference alone, as at Bujong 2.9 and Hwangdal 5.8. Damp impediment belongs to the impediment patterns of the Wind chapter, and Heo Jun keeps the place in the list so the count of seven holds.

Donguibogam · Seup

3.8.5 Damp Heat 濕熱

3.8.5.1
Source원문

六氣之中, 濕熱爲病, 十居八九. 《丹心》

Translation영역
Among the six qi, damp heat as a cause of disease accounts for eight or nine cases in ten.
Clinical note임상 주석
Danxi's claim, and one of the most quoted lines in later Korean and Chinese practice. It is a statement about what a physician actually sees rather than about the six qi as a scheme, and the Two Marvels Pill at 3.8.5.2 is his answer to it.

Dansim 丹心

3.8.5.2
Source원문

內經曰, 因於濕, 首如裹, 濕熱不攘, 大筋緛短, 小筋弛長. 緛短爲拘, 弛長爲痿.

Translation영역
The Neijing says: from damp, the head is as though wrapped; and where damp heat is not driven off, the great sinews shrink and shorten while the small sinews slacken and lengthen. What shrinks and shortens becomes contracture; what slackens and lengthens becomes wilting.

Naegyeong 內經

3.8.5.3
Source원문

大筋受熱則縮而短, 小筋得濕則引而長. 縮短故拘攣而不伸, 引長故痿弱而無力. 《內經註》

Translation영역
The great sinews receiving heat contract and shorten; the small sinews getting damp are drawn out and lengthen. Contracted and shortened, they cramp and will not extend; drawn out and lengthened, they wilt and weaken and have no strength.
Clinical note임상 주석
One cause, two opposite results, sorted by which element reaches which tissue: heat shortens, damp lengthens. Whatever its merits as physiology, it is an attempt to explain why the same illness produces spasticity in one patient and flaccid weakness in another.

Naegyeong-ju 內經註

3.8.5.4
Source원문

濕者, 土濁之氣. 首爲諸陽之會, 其位高, 其氣淸, 其體虛, 故聰明得以係焉. 濕氣熏蒸, 淸道不通, 沈重而不爽利, 似乎有物以蒙冒之. 失而不治, 濕鬱爲熱. 熱留不去, 熱傷血, 不能養筋, 故大筋爲拘攣, 濕傷筋, 不能束骨, 故小筋爲痿弱也. 《丹心》

Translation영역
Damp is the turbid qi of earth. The head is the meeting place of all the yang; its position is high, its qi clear, its substance empty, and so clarity of sense and understanding depend on it. When damp qi steams upward the clear pathways are not free, and there is a sunken heaviness without briskness, as though something were laid over it. Neglected and untreated, the damp is depressed into heat; the heat lodging and not going, it damages the blood so that the sinews are not nourished, and hence the great sinews cramp; the damp damages the sinews so that they cannot bind the bones, and hence the small sinews wilt and weaken.
Clinical note임상 주석
首如裹 — the head as though wrapped — is the Neijing's phrase and this passage explains it: the head is where the clear yang gathers, and damp steaming up into it produces a muffled heaviness that is not pain. The Oedema chapter records the same sign at 1.5.9.

Dansim 丹心

3.8.5.5
Source원문

濕勝筋痿, 熱勝筋縮. 實者, 三花神祐丸方見下門, 虛者, 宜淸燥湯方見足部. 《入門》

Translation영역
Where damp prevails the sinews wilt; where heat prevails the sinews contract. In repletion, Three Flowers Spirit-Aid Pill formula in the Purging chapter; in vacuity, Clear Dryness Decoction formula in the Foot chapter is appropriate.
Clinical note임상 주석
This settles a discrepancy running across four chapters. Phlegm-Rheum, Accumulations and now Dampness all send the reader to the Purging chapter for this formula; only Oedema sends them here, and it is not here. The Oedema citation is in error.

Immun 入門

3.8.5.6
Source원문

有氣如火, 從脚下起, 入腹, 此濕鬱成熱而作. 宜蒼朮ㆍ黃柏ㆍ牛膝ㆍ防己, 作丸服. 或二妙丸ㆍ加味二妙丸方見足部ㆍ單蒼朮丸. 《正傳》

Translation영역
Where there is a qi like fire rising from below the feet and entering the abdomen, this is damp depressed and turned to heat. Atractylodes lancea, phellodendron, achyranthes and stephania should be made into pills and taken; or Two Marvels Pill, Augmented Two Marvels Pill formula in the Foot chapter and Atractylodes Lancea Alone Pill.
Clinical note임상 주석
氣如火, 從脚下起 — a qi like fire rising from below the feet — is a burning sensation ascending from the soles, and it is described precisely enough to be recognized. The four medicinals named are Two Marvels Pill with achyranthes and stephania added to direct them downward.

Jeongjeon 正傳

3.8.5.7
Source원문

首如裹, 單蒼朮膏最妙. 方見內傷

Translation영역
For the head as though wrapped, Atractylodes Lancea Paste Alone is best of all. formula in the Internal Damage chapter

Donguibogam · Seup

3.8.6 Damp Warmth 濕溫

3.8.6.1
Source원문

濕溫者, 兩脛逆冷, 胸腹滿, 多汗, 頭痛, 妄言, 其人嘗傷於濕, 因而中暑, 暑濕相搏, 則發濕溫. 其脉陽濡而弱, 陰小而急, 治在太陽, 不可發汗. 汗出, 必不能言, 耳聾, 不知痛所在, 身靑, 面色變. 名曰重暍, 如此死者, 醫殺之. 蒼朮白虎湯主之. 方見寒門 《活人》

Translation영역
In damp warmth both shins are reverse-cold, the chest and abdomen full, there is much sweating, headache and wild speech. The person was formerly damaged by damp and thereupon struck by summerheat; summerheat and damp contending, damp warmth breaks out. The pulse is soggy and weak in the yang, small and tense in the yin. Treatment lies in the greater yang, and sweat must not be promoted. If sweat comes out, the patient will surely be unable to speak, will be deaf, will not know where the pain is, the body turning blue and the colour of the face changing. This is called doubled heatstroke, and one who dies thus was killed by the physician. Atractylodes Lancea White Tiger Decoction governs it. formula in the Cold Damage chapter
Clinical note임상 주석
醫殺之 — killed by the physician — is stated without hedging, and the sequence it warns against is specific: sweat a damp warmth patient and they lose speech, go deaf, cannot localize pain, and turn blue. The presentation described, with cold shins, profuse sweating, delirium and a weak pulse in hot weather, is heat illness with circulatory compromise. Sweating such a patient further is exactly what would kill them, and the chapter had worked that out. **Confusion and collapse in hot weather is a medical emergency.**

Hwarinseo 活人

3.8.6.2
Source원문

一人季夏得病. 胸項多汗, 兩足逆冷, 譫語. 予診之, 其脉關前濡, 關後數, 是濕溫. 盖先傷暑後受濕也. 先用人參白虎湯, 次服蒼朮白虎湯, 足漸溫, 汗漸止, 三日而愈. 《本事》

Translation영역
A person fell ill in the last month of summer, with much sweating of the chest and neck, both feet reverse-cold, and delirious speech. I examined them: the pulse before the bar was soggy and behind the bar rapid — this was damp warmth. He had first been damaged by summerheat and afterwards received damp. Ginseng White Tiger Decoction was used first, then Atractylodes Lancea White Tiger Decoction was taken; the feet gradually warmed, the sweating gradually stopped, and in three days he recovered.
Clinical note임상 주석
A case in which the order is reversed from the definition above — summerheat first, damp after — and the physician says so explicitly. That he records the sequence at all suggests it changed the treatment: white tiger first for the heat, then the drying version.

Bonsa 本事

3.8.6.3
Source원문

一人病, 遍身汗, 兩足冷至膝下, 腹滿, 不省人事, 六脉皆小弱而急. 孫曰, 此病傷暑, 陽微厥也. 用五苓散, 白虎湯而愈. 凡陰病脛冷, 則臂亦冷, 此則脛冷而臂不冷, 所以知是陽微厥也. 《孫兆》

Translation영역
A person was ill with sweating over the whole body, both feet cold to below the knee, abdominal fullness, and loss of awareness; all six pulses were small, weak and tense. Sun said: this disease is damage by summerheat, yang faint with reversal. Five Poria Powder and White Tiger Decoction were used and the patient recovered. In yin disease generally, where the shins are cold the arms are cold too; here the shins were cold and the arms were not, and by this it was known to be yang faint with reversal.
Clinical note임상 주석
The diagnostic reasoning is set out in full and it is a genuine piece of differential thinking: in yin cold the limbs are cold together, so cold legs with warm arms is not yin cold but yang failing to reach. Checking the arms as well as the legs is the sort of bedside step that only becomes explicit when someone has been caught out by not doing it.

Sonjo 孫兆

3.8.6.4
Source원문

濕溫, 宜苓朮湯ㆍ茯苓白朮湯.

Translation영역
For damp warmth, Poria and Atractylodes Decoction and Poria and White Atractylodes Decoction are appropriate.

Donguibogam · Seup

3.8.6.5
Source원문

濕溫與中暑同, 但身涼不渴耳. 《活人》

Translation영역
Damp warmth is the same as summerheat struck in, only the body is cool and there is no thirst.
Clinical note임상 주석
The differential in one line: the same illness as heatstroke, except the body is cool and the patient is not thirsty. Those two absences are what mark the damp, and they are also what makes the case dangerous — the patient does not look hot.

Hwarinseo 活人

3.8.7 Alcohol Damp 酒濕

3.8.7.1
Source원문

酒濕之爲病, 亦能作痺證. 口眼喎斜, 半身不遂, 渾似中風, 舌强語澁, 當瀉濕毒, 不可作風病治之而汗也. 宜用蒼橘湯. 《元戎》

Translation영역
Alcohol damp as a disease can also produce an impediment pattern: deviation of the mouth and eye, hemiplegia, exactly resembling wind stroke, with a stiff tongue and laboured speech. The damp toxin should be drained, and it must not be treated as a wind disease and sweated. Atractylodes Lancea and Tangerine Peel Decoction should be used.
Clinical note임상 주석
渾似中風 — exactly resembling wind stroke — and the instruction is not to treat it as one. The signs listed are focal neurological deficits in a heavy drinker, and whether the underlying cause was alcoholic neuropathy, Wernicke's encephalopathy or a stroke, the caution against sweating a depleted patient was sound. **Sudden facial deviation with speech difficulty is a stroke until proved otherwise and requires emergency care.**

Wonyung 元戎

3.8.8 Damp Entering a Wound 破傷濕

3.8.8.1
Source원문

破傷入水濕, 口噤身强直. 牡蠣(煆), 爲粉付瘡口, 仍取末二錢, 甘草湯調服. 《得效》

Translation영역
Where a wound has taken in water and damp, the mouth is clenched and the body rigid and straight. Calcined oyster shell, powdered, is applied to the mouth of the wound, and 2 don of the powder is also taken stirred into licorice decoction.
Clinical note임상 주석
口噤身强直 — the jaw clenched and the body rigid — following a wound is tetanus, and the description is unmistakable. The chapter places it under damp because the wound had been in water, which is where the tradition located the cause. The observation that links a wound, water, and subsequent rigidity is a real one; what could not be seen was the organism. **Tetanus is fatal without antitoxin and respiratory support. Any wound followed by jaw stiffness requires emergency medical care.**

Deukhyo 得效

3.9 Dampness Mostly Brings Body Pain, Summerheat Brings None 濕多身痛暑無身痛

3.9.1
Source원문

暑病多無身痛, 盖傷氣而不傷形故也. 《入門》

Translation영역
Summerheat disease mostly has no body pain, for it damages the qi and does not damage the form.

Immun 入門

3.9.2
Source원문

濕病多身痛, 中濕身痛, 難以轉側. 風濕之痛, 一身盡痛. 《入門》

Translation영역
Damp disease mostly has body pain: in damp struck in the body aches and turning from side to side is difficult; in wind damp the pain is over the whole body.
Clinical note임상 주석
One question separates two of the six qi. Summerheat damages the qi, damp damages the form, and form once damaged hurts. In practice this means asking a patient who has collapsed in hot weather whether their body aches — and taking a yes as pointing to damp.

Immun 入門

3.9.3
Source원문

地之濕氣感, 則害人皮肉筋脉. 盖濕傷形, 形傷故痛. 《內經》

Translation영역
When the damp qi of the earth is contracted, it harms a person's skin, flesh, sinews and vessels. For damp damages the form, and the form being damaged, there is pain.

Naegyeong 內經

3.9.4
Source원문

濕流關節, 則一身盡痛. 《仲景》

Translation영역
Damp flowing into the joints makes the whole body ache.

Junggyeong 仲景

3.9.5
Source원문

風濕相搏, 則骨節煩疼, 濕則關節不利故痛, 其掣而不能屈伸者, 風也. 《活人》

Translation영역
Where wind and damp contend, the bones and joints ache vexingly; damp makes the joints not free and hence the pain, while the pulling that prevents bending and stretching is wind.

Hwarinseo 活人

3.10 Dampness Differs Within and Without 濕有內外之殊

3.10.1
Source원문

濕有自外者, 有自內出者. 東南地下, 多陰雨露霧, 濕從外入, 多自下起, 爲重腿脚氣之疾. 治當汗散, 久則宜疏通滲泄. 西北地高, 多食生冷濕麪乳酪飮酒, 濕氣內鬱, 爲鼓脹浮腫之類. 治宜通利二便. 《丹心》

Translation영역
Damp may come from without or issue from within. In the southeast the land is low, with much overcast rain and dew and mist; damp enters from outside and mostly rises from below, becoming heaviness of the thighs and leg qi disease. Treatment should sweat and scatter it, and where it is long-standing it should be coursed through and percolated away. In the northwest the land is high, and much raw and cold food, damp flour foods, dairy and wine are taken; the damp qi is depressed within and becomes drum distension and oedema and their like. Treatment should free both passages.
Clinical note임상 주석
One passage, and it is the chapter's clearest piece of clinical reasoning. Where the damp came from determines where it sits, what it becomes, and how it is treated. External damp rises from the ground, settles in the legs, and is sweated out — or, if old, drained. Internal damp comes from the table, gathers in the belly, and is sent out through the stool and urine. The geography is incidental; the principle is that the route in determines the route out.

Dansim 丹心

3.11 The Treatment Method for Damp Disease, and Medicines in General Use 濕病治法及通治藥

3.11.1
Source원문

濕家治法, 大槪宜發微汗, 及利小便, 使上下分消其濕, 是其治也. 《正傳》

Translation영역
The method of treating the damp family is broadly this: promote a slight sweat and disinhibit the urine, so that the damp is dispersed above and below. That is the treatment.
Clinical note임상 주석
The chapter's governing rule, and it names two exits for one substance — the same structure the Oedema chapter gives at 2.5.2 when it glosses opening the ghost gate and cleansing the pure treasury. 微汗, a slight sweat, is not a hedge. 3.8.2.3 explains why a great sweat fails.

Jeongjeon 正傳

3.11.2
Source원문

治濕, 不利小便, 非其治也. 《仲景》

Translation영역
To treat damp without disinhibiting the urine is not to treat it.

Junggyeong 仲景

3.11.3
Source원문

濕上甚而熱, 治以苦溫, 佐以甘辛, 以汗爲故而止, 平胃散方見內傷主之. 濕在上, 宜微汗而解, 不欲汗多, 故不用麻黃ㆍ乾葛輩. 宜微汗, 用防己黃芪湯. 《丹心》

Translation영역
Where damp is severe above and turns to heat, treat with the bitter and warm, assisted by the sweet and acrid, taking the sweat as the object and then stopping; Calm the Stomach Powder formula in the Internal Damage chapter governs it. Where damp is above it should be resolved by a slight sweat, and much sweating is not wanted, so ephedra and pueraria and their kind are not used. For a slight sweat, use Stephania and Astragalus Decoction.
Clinical note임상 주석
The rule applied to the formulary: because the sweat must be slight, the strong exterior-openers are excluded by name. Ephedra and pueraria would work too well. That is why Stephania and Astragalus Decoction — which secures the exterior rather than opening it — is the formula named for damp above.

Dansim 丹心

3.11.4
Source원문

濕在中下, 宜利小便, 此淡滲治濕也. 五苓散主之. 《丹心》

Translation영역
Where damp is in the middle and lower burners, the urine should be disinhibited; this is treating damp by bland percolation. Five Poria Powder governs it.

Dansim 丹心

3.11.5
Source원문

治濕之法, 通利小便爲上, 益脾順氣次之. 《直指》

Translation영역
In the method of treating damp, freeing the urine is first, and boosting the spleen and normalizing the qi comes next.

Jikji 直指

3.11.6
Source원문

治濕, 莫若(生)附ㆍ蒼朮爲快, 宜用生附湯. 《直指》

Translation영역
For treating damp nothing is so quick as raw aconite with atractylodes lancea; Raw Aconite Decoction should be used.
Clinical note임상 주석
**Raw aconite is highly toxic and the margin between effect and cardiac arrhythmia is narrow. The formula named carries ten slices of fresh ginger as a moderating envoy, but it should not be prepared or taken.**

Jikji 直指

3.11.7
Source원문

治濕, 通用平胃散ㆍ二陳湯, 加桑白皮爲主. 上焦濕, 加羌活ㆍ川芎ㆍ蒼朮, 中焦濕, 加猪苓ㆍ茯苓ㆍ澤瀉, 下焦濕, 加防己ㆍ木通ㆍ滑石. 熱則上加黃芩, 中加黃連, 下加黃柏. 《入門》

Translation영역
For treating damp in general, Calm the Stomach Powder and Two Matured Ingredients Decoction with mulberry root bark added are the mainstay. For damp in the upper burner add notopterygium, chuanxiong and atractylodes lancea; in the middle burner, polyporus, poria and alisma; in the lower burner, stephania, akebia and talc. Where there is heat, add scutellaria above, coptis in the middle, phellodendron below.
Clinical note임상 주석
A modification table, and the most practical passage in the section. Two base formulas, then three sets of additions by burner, then three more for heat by burner. The three cold medicinals follow the standard division — scutellaria above, coptis in the middle, phellodendron below — which is the same arrangement the Jaundice chapter uses at 5.10.2 when it puts all three into one formula to reach all three burners at once.

Immun 入門

3.11.8
Source원문

通用滲濕湯.

Translation영역
Percolate Dampness Decoction is used generally.
Clinical note임상 주석
The formula the Oedema chapter sends its readers here to find, cited at 1.5.7 with the note that it appears in the Dampness chapter. It does, and this is it.

Donguibogam · Seup

3.12 In Damp Disease, Sweating, Purging and Moxa Are Forbidden 濕病禁汗下及灸

3.12.1
Source원문

濕家, 不可發汗, 汗出則發痓. 濕家, 不可下, 下之則額汗出, 微喘, 小便利者死. 下利不止者亦死. 《仲景》

Translation영역
In the damp family sweat must not be promoted; if sweat comes out, tetany breaks out. In the damp family purging must not be used; if purged, sweat appears on the forehead and there is slight panting, and where the urine passes freely the patient dies. Where the diarrhoea does not stop, the patient likewise dies.
Clinical note임상 주석
The chapter's own governing rule at 3.11.1 is to sweat and to free the urine; here both are forbidden. The contradiction is only apparent — what is forbidden is a full sweat and a purge, not the slight sweat and the bland percolation. But the section is placed after the treatment method deliberately, as a check on it. The death signs given are specific: forehead sweat with panting, or diarrhoea that will not stop, both after purging.

Junggyeong 仲景

3.12.2
Source원문

濕家, 不可灸, 灸之則火氣內攻, 令人喘急. 《仲景》

Translation영역
In the damp family moxa must not be used; if moxaed, the fire qi attacks within and brings on hasty panting.
Clinical note임상 주석
The prohibition the acupuncture section at 3.15 repeats and then qualifies. Moxa adds fire to a condition the chapter has already said arises from heat depressed with damp, and the stated consequence is breathlessness.

Junggyeong 仲景

3.13 A Great Sweat in Damp Disease Becomes Tetany 濕病大汗則成痓

3.13.1
Source원문

太陽病, 濕家, 發其汗大出者, 但風氣去, 濕氣在, 則發痓. 《仲景》

Translation영역
In greater yang disease in the damp family, where the sweat is promoted and comes out greatly, only the wind qi goes and the damp qi remains — and tetany breaks out.
Clinical note임상 주석
痓 is the rigid arching of the body with a clenched jaw, and the chapter records it twice as a consequence of over-sweating — here and at 3.12.1. Whatever the mechanism, the observation that severe fluid loss in a febrile patient can be followed by rigidity and spasm is not fanciful. Read with 3.8.2.3, the chapter has stated the same point three times in three places: sweat lightly, or lose the patient.

Junggyeong 仲景

3.14 Simple Medicinals 單方

3.14.1
Source원문

蒼朮 治濕, 上下部, 皆可用. 《丹心》

Translation영역
Atractylodes lancea (蒼朮): Treats damp, and may be used for both the upper and lower parts.

Dansim 丹心

3.14.2
Source원문

蒼朮 上焦濕, 用蒼朮, 其功甚烈. 《東垣》

Translation영역
Atractylodes lancea (蒼朮), second: For damp in the upper burner atractylodes lancea is used, and its power is very fierce.

Dongwon 東垣

3.14.3
Source원문

蒼朮 能治山嵐瘴氣. 或湯或散或酒浸, 常服最妙. 兩朮皆可服. 《本草》

Translation영역
Atractylodes lancea (蒼朮), third: It can treat mountain miasmic qi. As a decoction, as a powder, or steeped in wine, taken regularly it is best of all. Both atractylodes may be taken.
Clinical note임상 주석
Atractylodes lancea runs through this chapter as virgate wormwood runs through the Jaundice chapter — it heads nearly every formula, and the section gives it three entries where no other simple gets more than two. 兩朮皆可服 — both atractylodes may be taken — sets the two apart while allowing either. The chapter's own practice is consistent: atractylodes lancea dries, white atractylodes supplements.

Boncho 本草

3.14.4
Source원문

澤瀉 除濕之聖藥也. 其功長於行水也. 五苓散以澤瀉爲君, 其功可知. 《本草》

Translation영역
Alisma (澤瀉): The sagely medicine for eliminating damp. Its power lies in moving water. Five Poria Powder takes alisma as chief, and from that its power may be known.

Boncho 本草

3.14.5
Source원문

芎藭 能去卑濕風氣. 或末服或煎服, 皆可. 治上部濕尤佳. 《本草》

Translation영역
Chuanxiong (芎藭): Can dispel low damp and wind qi. Taken as a powder or decocted, either will do; it is best of all for damp in the upper part.

Boncho 本草

3.14.6
Source원문

防己 能治濕風, 口面喎斜. 木通同功. 剉煎服之佳. 《本草》

Translation영역
Stephania (防己): Can treat damp wind with deviation of the mouth and face. Akebia has the same effect. Cut up and decocted it is good.

Boncho 本草

3.14.7
Source원문

藁本 辟霧露, 與木香同治霧露之氣. 治上部風濕最佳. 煎服之. 《本草》

Translation영역
Ligusticum (藁本): Wards off mist and dew, and with costus treats the qi of mist and dew. It is best of all for wind damp in the upper part. Decoct and take.

Boncho 本草

3.14.8
Source원문

茯苓 淡能利竅, 甘以助陽氣, 除濕之聖藥也. 仙方有服餌之法, 修製久服爲佳. 《本草》

Translation영역
Poria (茯苓): Being bland it can disinhibit the orifices; being sweet it assists the yang qi. It is the sagely medicine for eliminating damp. The immortals' formularies have methods of taking it as a dietary preparation; processed and taken over a long period it is good.
Clinical note임상 주석
淡能利竅 — being bland it disinhibits the orifices — is the classical justification for the whole percolating method, and 3.11.4 uses the same word for it: 淡滲, bland percolation. Blandness is treated as an active property rather than an absence of flavour.

Boncho 本草

3.14.9
Source원문

龜肉 除濕及瘴氣. 作臛常食之佳. 《本草》

Translation영역
Turtle flesh (龜肉): Eliminates damp and miasmic qi. Made into a thick broth and eaten regularly it is good.

Boncho 本草

3.14.10
Source원문

鱉肉 主濕痺. 煮熟取肉, 和五味, 作羹食之. 凡濕病, 宜食猪肉ㆍ螺ㆍ鱉之屬是也. 《本草》

Translation영역
Soft-shelled turtle flesh (鱉肉): Governs damp impediment. Boil it through, take the flesh, season with the five flavours and make a broth to eat. In damp disease generally, pork, river snail and turtle and their like should be eaten — this is what is meant.

Boncho 本草

3.14.11
Source원문

木瓜 主濕痺. 又治腰脚濕氣. 可煎服丸服. 或生食幷佳. 《本草》

Translation영역
Chaenomeles (木瓜): Governs damp impediment; it also treats damp qi of the lumbus and legs. It may be decocted or taken as pills, or eaten raw — all are good.

Boncho 本草

3.14.12
Source원문

酒 辟霧露之氣. 昔有三人晨行觸霧, 一人健, 一人病, 一人死. 健者飮酒, 病者食粥, 死者空腹. 盖酒能禦霧露, 辟邪氣故也. 《本草》

Translation영역
Wine (酒): Wards off the qi of mist and dew. Formerly three men walked out at dawn and met the mist: one was well, one fell ill, one died. The one who was well had drunk wine, the one who fell ill had eaten congee, the one who died had an empty stomach. For wine can withstand mist and dew and ward off evil qi.
Clinical note임상 주석
The best-known anecdote in the chapter, and it is doing two jobs at once. As an argument for wine it is weak — three men, one outcome each. As an argument for not going out on an empty stomach it is better, and that is what the graded outcomes actually show: wine, then congee, then nothing. The chapter has already noted at 3.8.7 that drink itself produces a damp disease.

Boncho 本草

3.14.13
Source원문

猪肝 勝濕. 可煮食之. 昔閔叔留寓, 常食猪肝, 盖爲濕疾也. 《本草》

Translation영역
Pig liver (猪肝): Overcomes damp. It may be boiled and eaten. Formerly Min Shu, staying away from home, regularly ate pig liver — on account of a damp disease.

Boncho 本草

3.14.14
Source원문

薏苡 去濕, 輕身, 勝瘴氣. 作末煮粥常服之. 昔馬援南征, 多載之, 卽此也. 《本草》

Translation영역
Coix (薏苡): Dispels damp, lightens the body and overcomes miasmic qi. Powder it, boil it into congee and take regularly. Formerly Ma Yuan on his southern campaign carried much of it — this is the thing.
Clinical note임상 주석
Ma Yuan's campaign into the far south in the first century is the standing reference for coix as a miasma remedy, and the story was famous enough that the source can allude to it in six graphs. His men were said to have survived the malarial lowlands on it.

Boncho 本草

3.14.15
Source원문

豺皮 主冷濕痺. 熟之以纏病上, 或裹軟脚良. 《本草》

Translation영역
Dhole hide (豺皮): Governs cold damp impediment. Cure it and wrap it over the diseased place, or bind it around weak legs; this is good.

Boncho 本草

3.14.16
Source원문

土猪 主濕病. 取肉煮食, 又用皮坐臥其上, 最去濕痺. 《本草》

Translation영역
Hog badger (土猪): Governs damp disease. Take the flesh, boil and eat it; and use the hide to sit and lie upon, which is best of all for dispelling damp impediment.
Clinical note임상 주석
Two hides used as coverings rather than as medicines — wrapped over the painful place, or laid down to sit and lie on. Since the chapter's account of external damp is that it rises from the ground into a body in contact with it, putting a hide between the two is consistent with its own reasoning.

Boncho 本草

3.14.17
Source원문

桑枝茶 去濕氣. 常服最好. 又與赤小豆同煮作粥, 常食尤佳. 《本草》

Translation영역
Mulberry twig tea (桑枝茶): Dispels damp qi. Taken regularly it is best. Boiled together with adzuki beans into a congee and eaten regularly, it is better still.
Clinical note임상 주석
The same pairing that closes the Distension chapter's simples at 3.13.13 — mulberry twig with adzuki bean as a congee. Three chapters in this volume reach for it, which makes it the commonest food remedy in the whole volume.

Boncho 本草

3.15 Acupuncture Method 鍼法

3.15.1
Source원문

濕病, 禁艾灸. 惟濕痺, 及濕熱脚氣, 痿證, 宜施鍼, 以通經絡之氣, 爲佳. 《俗方》

Translation영역
In damp disease moxa is forbidden. Only in damp impediment, and in damp heat leg qi and wilting patterns, is needling to be applied, to free the qi of the channels and network vessels; this is good.
Clinical note임상 주석
The chapter closes on a prohibition with three exceptions, and the exceptions are all conditions of the limbs rather than of the interior. Moxa is refused throughout because it adds fire; needling is allowed where the problem is that the channels are blocked rather than that heat is pent up. That the entry is marked 俗方 — a common local method — rather than attributed to a text suggests Heo Jun is recording Korean practice rather than citing authority. It is the only acupuncture section in this volume that consists of a single line.

Sokbang 俗方

About this translation 凡例

Base text: Donguibogam (東醫寶鑑, 1613 first edition), Miscellaneous Disorders, Volume 3, Dampness chapter. The Chinese text is collated against the public-domain Wikisource transcription and a printed edition; original character forms (脉, 人參) are retained. Terminology follows Wiseman & Feng, A Practical Dictionary of Chinese Medicine. Translation and clinical notes are original to this site. — Eui Young (Justin) Chung, L.Ac., Dipl. O.M.